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We present QueryGym, a lightweight, extensible Python toolkit that supports large language model (LLM)-based query reformulation. This is an important tool development since recent work on llm-based query reformulation has shown notable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Amin Bigdeli , Radin Hamidi Rad , Mert Incesu , Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A. Clarke , Ebrahim Bagheri

Large language models (LLMs) hold great promise for assisting clinical interviews due to their fluent interactive capabilities and extensive medical knowledge. However, the lack of high-quality interview dialogue data and widely accepted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jing Chen , Zhihua Wei , Wei Zhang , Yingying Hu , Qiong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have created new opportunities to enhance the efficiency of scholarly activities; however, challenges persist in the ethical deployment of AI assistance, including (1) the trustworthiness of AI-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Mengze Hong , Di Jiang , Chen Jason Zhang , Zichang Guo , Yawen Li , Jun Chen , Shaobo Cui , Zhiyang Su

Citations in scholarly work serve the essential purpose of acknowledging and crediting the original sources of knowledge that have been incorporated or referenced. Depending on their surrounding textual context, these citations are used for…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Yang Zhang , Yufei Wang , Kai Wang , Quan Z. Sheng , Lina Yao , Adnan Mahmood , Wei Emma Zhang , Rongying Zhao

In this paper, we propose CitaLaw, the first benchmark designed to evaluate LLMs' ability to produce legally sound responses with appropriate citations. CitaLaw features a diverse set of legal questions for both laypersons and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Kepu Zhang , Weijie Yu , Sunhao Dai , Jun Xu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful application of Large Language Models (LLMs), revolutionizing information search and consumption. RAG systems combine traditional search capabilities with LLMs to generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Harsh Maheshwari , Srikanth Tenneti , Alwarappan Nakkiran

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial approach for enhancing the responses of large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources. Despite the impressive performance in complex question-answering tasks, RAG…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Haosheng Qian , Yixing Fan , Jiafeng Guo , Ruqing Zhang , Qi Chen , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Enhancing the adaptive capabilities of large language models is a critical pursuit in both research and application. Traditional fine-tuning methods require substantial data and computational resources, especially for enhancing specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Futing Wang , Jianhao Yan , Yue Zhang , Tao Lin

Analogies help learners understand unfamiliar concepts by relating them to known concepts. Despite recent advances, large language models (LLMs) continue to struggle to generate analogies of comparable quality to those produced by humans.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mariam Barakat , Ekaterina Kochmar

Background: Over the past few decades, the process and methodology of automated question generation (AQG) have undergone significant transformations. Recent progress in generative natural language models has opened up new potential in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Dominic Lohr , Marc Berges , Abhishek Chugh , Michael Kohlhase , Dennis Müller

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate scientific reports, but they can produce references that appear plausible while containing corrupted metadata or pointing to papers that do not exist. We introduce CiteCheck, a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Khashayar Khajavi , Shaghayegh Sadeghi , Rise Adhikari , Alexander Tessier

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance across various tasks, prompting researchers to develop diverse evaluation benchmarks. However, most benchmarks typically measure the ability of LLMs to respond to individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yutao Hou , Yajing Luo , Zhiwen Ruan , Hongru Wang , Weifeng Ge , Yun Chen , Guanhua Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in generating detailed and coherent explanations of complex concepts. However, the extent to which these models truly comprehend the concepts they articulate remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Saeid Asgari Taghanaki , Joao Monteiro

The recent advancement of large language models (LLMs) has been achieved through a combo of instruction tuning and human alignment. However, building manually crafted instruction datasets and performing human alignment become the bottleneck…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Tao Feng , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how people interact with artificial intelligence (AI) systems, achieving state-of-the-art results in various tasks, including scientific discovery and hypothesis generation. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Sikun Guo , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Guangzhi Xiong , Albert Huang , Eric Xie , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) often require external tools, such as machine learning classifiers or knowledge retrieval systems, to provide accurate answers in domains where their pre-trained knowledge is insufficient. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Panagiotis Lymperopoulos , Vasanth Sarathy

Large Language Models (LLMs) equipped with external tools have demonstrated enhanced performance on complex reasoning tasks. The widespread adoption of this tool-augmented reasoning is hindered by the scarcity of domain-specific tools. For…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Murong Yue , Zhiwei Liu , Liangwei Yang , Jianguo Zhang , Zuxin Liu , Haolin Chen , Ziyu Yao , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Shelby Heinecke , Huan Wang

Scientific literature is growing exponentially, creating a critical bottleneck for researchers to efficiently synthesize knowledge. While general-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) show potential in text processing, they often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Fengyu She , Nan Wang , Hongfei Wu , Ziyi Wan , Jingmian Wang , Chang Wang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has shown the potential to improve relevance and provide direct answers in web searches. However, challenges arise in validating the reliability of generated results and the credibility of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Xiang Shi , Jiawei Liu , Yinpeng Liu , Qikai Cheng , Wei Lu

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities in many domains, they still have a tendency to hallucinate and generate fictitious responses to user requests. This problem can be alleviated by augmenting…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Jiongnan Liu , Jiajie Jin , Zihan Wang , Jiehan Cheng , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen