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Identifying semantically equivalent sentences is important for many cross-lingual and mono-lingual NLP tasks. Current approaches to semantic equivalence take a loose, sentence-level approach to "equivalence," despite previous evidence that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Shira Wein , Zhuxin Wang , Nathan Schneider

Task specific fine-tuning of a pre-trained neural language model using a custom softmax output layer is the de facto approach of late when dealing with document classification problems. This technique is not adequate when labeled examples…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Natraj Raman , Armineh Nourbakhsh , Sameena Shah , Manuela Veloso

Software developers often rely on natural language text that appears in software engineering artifacts to access critical information as they build and work on software systems. For example, developers access requirements documents to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Arthur Marques , Giovanni Viviani , Gail C. Murphy

The paper presents an approach to semantic grounding of language models (LMs) that conceptualizes the LM as a conditional model generating text given a desired semantic message formalized as a set of entity-relationship triples. It embeds…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Chris Alberti , Kuzman Ganchev , Michael Collins , Sebastian Gehrmann , Ciprian Chelba

Formal grammars are extensively used in Computer Science and related fields to study the rules which govern production of a language. The use of these grammars can be extended beyond mere language production. One possibility is to view…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Abhinav Aggarwal

Automated simplification models aim to make input texts more readable. Such methods have the potential to make complex information accessible to a wider audience, e.g., providing access to recent medical literature which might otherwise be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Ashwin Devaraj , William Sheffield , Byron C. Wallace , Junyi Jessy Li

Despite the remarkable progress of modern machine translation (MT) systems on general-domain texts, translating structured LaTeX-formatted documents remains a significant challenge. These documents typically interleave natural language with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Ziming Zhu , Chenglong Wang , Haosong Xv , Shunjie Xing , Yifu Huo , Fengning Tian , Quan Du , Di Yang , Chunliang Zhang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

When applied to Image-to-text models, interpretability methods often provide token-by-token explanations namely, they compute a visual explanation for each token of the generated sequence. Those explanations are expensive to compute and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Michele Cafagna , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Kees van Deemter , Albert Gatt

Conjecturing and theorem proving are activities at the center of mathematical practice and are difficult to separate. In this paper, we propose a framework for completing incomplete conjectures and incomplete proofs. The framework can turn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Salwa Tabet Gonzalez , Predrag Janičić , Julien Narboux

Semantic Web technologies offer the prospect of significantly reducing the amount of effort required to integrate existing enterprise functionality in support of new composite processes; whether within a given organization or across…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Jinghai Rao , Dimitar Dimitrov , Paul Hofmann , Norman Sadeh

The goal of this project is to (i) accumulate annotated informal/formal mathematical corpora suitable for training semi-automated translation between informal and formal mathematics by statistical machine-translation methods, (ii) to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-15 Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban , Jiri Vyskocil , Herman Geuvers

Retrieving mathematical knowledge is a central task in both human-driven research, such as determining whether a result already exists, finding related results, and identifying historical origins, and in emerging AI systems for mathematics,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haocheng Ju , Leheng Chen , Peihao Wu , Bryan Dai , Bin Dong

In this paper, we study a functional programming approach to natural language semantics, allowing us to increase the expressiveness of a more traditional denotation style. We will formalize a category based type and effect system to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Matthieu Pierre Boyer

Measuring text complexity is an essential task in several fields and applications (such as NLP, semantic web, smart education, etc.). The semantic layer of text is more tacit than its syntactic structure and, as a result, calculation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 MohammadReza Besharati , Mohammad Izadi

Searching for mathematical results remains difficult: most existing tools retrieve entire papers, while mathematicians and theorem-proving agents often seek a specific theorem, lemma, or proposition that answers a query. While semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Luke Alexander , Eric Leonen , Sophie Szeto , Artemii Remizov , Ignacio Tejeda , Jarod Alper , Giovanni Inchiostro , Vasily Ilin

We consider the case of a domain expert who wishes to explore the extent to which a particular idea is expressed in a text collection. We propose the task of semantically matching the idea, expressed as a natural language proposition,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Lucy H. Lin , Scott Miles , Noah A. Smith

Can the analysis of the semantics of words used in the text of a scientific paper predict its future impact measured by citations? This study details examples of automated text classification that achieved 80% success rate in distinguishing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Neslihan Suzen , Alexander Gorban , Jeremy Levesley , Evgeny Mirkes

Due to the nature of human language, historical documents are hard to comprehend by contemporary people. This limits their accessibility to scholars specialized in the time period in which the documents were written. Modernization aims at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Miguel Domingo , Francisco Casacuberta

Semantic parsing is the task of producing a structured meaning representation for natural language utterances or questions. Recent research has pointed out that the commonly-used sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) semantic parsers struggle to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Dora Jambor , Dzmitry Bahdanau

We present a simple approach for text infilling, the task of predicting missing spans of text at any position in a document. While infilling could enable rich functionality especially for writing assistance tools, more attention has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Chris Donahue , Mina Lee , Percy Liang