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We present a new type system combining occurrence typing, previously used to type check programs in dynamically-typed languages such as Racket, JavaScript, and Ruby, with dependent refinement types. We demonstrate that the addition of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Andrew M. Kent , David Kempe , Sam Tobin-Hochstadt

Types are an important part of any modern programming language, but we often forget that the concept of type we understand nowadays is not the same it was perceived in the sixties. Moreover, we conflate the concept of "type" in programming…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-03-30 Simone Martini

The objective of this paper is to present general, mechanically verified, refinement rules for reasoning about recursive programs and while loops in the context of concurrency. Unlike many approaches to concurrency, we do not assume that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ian J. Hayes , Larissa A. Meinicke , Cliff B. Jones

We present a new model of Guarded Dependent Type Theory (GDTT), a type theory with guarded recursion and multiple clocks in which one can program with, and reason about coinductive types. Productivity of recursively defined coinductive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Aleš Bizjak , Rasmus Ejlers Møgelberg

Prompted models have demonstrated impressive few-shot learning abilities. Repeated interactions at test-time with a single model, or the composition of multiple models together, further expands capabilities. These compositions are…

We present a linear functional calculus with both the safety guarantees expressible with linear types and the rich language of combinators and composition provided by functional programming. Unlike previous combinations of linear typing and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-03-17 J. Garrett Morris

Many semantical aspects of programming languages, such as their operational semantics and their type assignment calculi, are specified by describing appropriate proof systems. Recent research has identified two proof-theoretic features that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-04-14 Andrew Gacek , Dale Miller , Gopalan Nadathur

Automated reasoning about uncertain knowledge has many applications. One difficulty when developing such systems is the lack of a completely satisfactory integration of logic and probability. We address this problem directly. Expressive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-09-13 Marcus Hutter , John W. Lloyd , Kee Siong Ng , William T. B. Uther

Many formal languages of contemporary mathematical music theory -- particularly those employing category theory -- are powerful but cumbersome: ideas that are conceptually simple frequently require expression through elaborate categorical…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Drew Flieder

Probabilistic Programming Languages (PPLs) are a powerful tool in machine learning, allowing highly expressive generative models to be expressed succinctly. They couple complex inference algorithms, implemented by the language, with an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Alexander Collins , Vinod Grover

Research at the intersection of machine learning, programming languages, and software engineering has recently taken important steps in proposing learnable probabilistic models of source code that exploit code's abundance of patterns. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Miltiadis Allamanis , Earl T. Barr , Premkumar Devanbu , Charles Sutton

We develop a dependent type theory that is based purely on inductive and coinductive types, and the corresponding recursion and corecursion principles. This results in a type theory with a small set of rules, while still being fairly…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Henning Basold , Herman Geuvers

In type theory, coinductive types are used to represent processes, and are thus crucial for the formal verification of non-terminating reactive programs in proof assistants based on type theory, such as Coq and Agda. Currently, programming…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Rasmus Ejlers Møgelberg , Niccolò Veltri

We present a complete reasoning principle for contextual equivalence in an untyped probabilistic language. The language includes continuous (real-valued) random variables, conditionals, and scoring. It also includes recursion, since the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Mitchell Wand , Ryan Culpepper , Theophilos Giannakopoulos , Andrew Cobb

The Curry-Howard correspondence is about a relationship between types and programs on the one hand and propositions and proofs on the other. The implications for programming language design and program verification is an active field of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Jørgen Steensgaard-Madsen

Constructor-Based Conditional Rewriting Logic is a general framework for integrating first-order functional and logic programming which gives an algebraic semantics for non-deterministic functional-logic programs. In the context of this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Juan M. Molina , Ernesto Pimentel

Graded type theories are an emerging paradigm for augmenting the reasoning power of types with parameterizable, fine-grained analyses of program properties. There have been many such theories in recent years which equip a type theory with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Benjamin Moon , Harley Eades , Dominic Orchard

Most modern (classical) programming languages support recursion. Recursion has also been successfully applied to the design of several quantum algorithms and introduced in a couple of quantum programming languages. So, it can be expected…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Zhaowei Xu , Mingsheng Ying , Shenggang Ying

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective for solving complex reasoning tasks. Surprisingly, their capabilities can often be improved by iterating on previously generated solutions. In this context, a reasoning plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 MohammadHossein Bateni , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Yuzhou Gu , Silvio Lattanzi , Simon Meierhans , Christopher Mohri

This paper explores the space of (propositional) probabilistic logical languages, ranging from a purely `qualitative' comparative language to a highly `quantitative' language involving arbitrary polynomials over probability terms. While…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-08-17 Duligur Ibeling , Thomas Icard , Krzysztof Mierzewski , Milan Mossé