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Recently, causal inference under interference has gained increasing attention in the literature. In this paper, we focus on randomized designs for estimating the total treatment effect (TTE), defined as the average difference in potential…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-29 Changhao Shi , Haoyu Yang , Yichen Qin , Yang Li

To leverage peer influence and increase population behavioral changes, behavioral interventions often rely on peer-based strategies. A common study design that assesses such strategies is the egocentric-network randomized trial (ENRT), in…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Ariel Chao , Donna Spiegelman , Ashley Buchanan , Laura Forastiere

Estimating causal effects has become an integral part of most applied fields. In this work we consider the violation of the classical no-interference assumption with units connected by a network. For tractability, we consider a known…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-05 Alexandre Belloni , Fei Fang , Alexander Volfovsky

Understanding true influence in social media requires distinguishing correlation from causation--particularly when analyzing misinformation spread. While existing approaches focus on exposure metrics and network structures, they often fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Lin Tian , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

We study causal effect estimation from observational data under interference. The interference pattern is captured by an observed network. We adopt the chain graph framework of Tchetgen Tchetgen et. al. (2021), which allows (i) interaction…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Sohom Bhattacharya , Subhabrata Sen

Causal inference methods for treatment effect estimation usually assume independent units. However, this assumption is often questionable because units may interact, resulting in spillover effects between them. We develop augmented inverse…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-08 Corinne Emmenegger , Meta-Lina Spohn , Timon Elmer , Peter Bühlmann

We study estimation of the average treatment effect (ATE) from a single network in observational settings with interference. The weak cross-unit dependence is modeled via an endogenous peer-effect (network autoregressive) term that induces…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-02 Yong Wu , Shuyuan Wu , Xinwei Sun , Xuening Zhu

Online controlled experiments (A/B testing) are fundamental to data-driven decision-making in many companies. Improving the sensitivity of these experiments under fixed sample size constraints requires reducing the variance of the average…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Zhexiao Lin , Pablo Crespo

When estimating a Global Average Treatment Effect (GATE) under network interference, units can have widely different relationships to the treatment depending on a combination of the structure of their network neighborhood, the structure of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-13 Kevin Han , Johan Ugander

In longitudinal studies where units are embedded in space or a social network, interference may arise, meaning that a unit's outcome can depend on treatment histories of others. The presence of interference poses significant challenges for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Ye Wang , Michael Jetsupphasuk

We study the estimation of the ATE in randomized controlled trials under a dynamically evolving interference structure. This setting arises in applications such as ride-sharing, where drivers move over time, and social networks, where…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Su Jia , Peter Frazier , Nathan Kallus , Christina Lee Yu

We consider a causal inference model in which individuals interact in a social network and they may not comply with the assigned treatments. In particular, we suppose that the form of network interference is unknown to researchers. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-24 Tadao Hoshino , Takahide Yanagi

Increasingly, there is a marked interest in estimating causal effects under network interference due to the fact that interference manifests naturally in networked experiments. However, network information generally is available only up to…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-02 Wenrui Li , Daniel L. Sussman , Eric D. Kolaczyk

This paper studies causal inference in randomized experiments under network interference. Commonly used models of interference posit that treatments assigned to alters beyond a certain network distance from the ego have no effect on the…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-11-04 Michael P. Leung

In randomized experiments, covariates are often used to reduce variance and improve the precision of treatment effect estimates. However, in many real-world settings, interference between units, where one unit's treatment affects another's…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-10 Xinyi Wang , Shuangning Li

In many empirical settings, directly observing a treatment variable may be infeasible although an error-prone surrogate measurement of the latter will often be available. Causal inference based solely on the surrogate measurement is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-26 Ying Zhou , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Randomized experiments are widely used to estimate the causal effects of a proposed treatment in many areas of science, from medicine and healthcare to the physical and biological sciences, from the social sciences to engineering, to public…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-30 Christina Lee Yu , Edoardo M Airoldi , Christian Borgs , Jennifer T Chayes

A/B tests are often required to be conducted on subjects that might have social connections. For e.g., experiments on social media, or medical and social interventions to control the spread of an epidemic. In such settings, the SUTVA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Shiv Shankar , Ritwik Sinha , Yash Chandak , Saayan Mitra , Madalina Fiterau

We address the challenge of inferring causal effects in social network data. This results in challenges due to interference -- where a unit's outcome is affected by neighbors' treatments -- and network-induced confounding factors. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Seyedeh Baharan Khatami , Harsh Parikh , Haowei Chen , Sudeepa Roy , Babak Salimi

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for causal inference. However, traditional assumptions, such as the Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumption (SUTVA), often fail in real-world settings where interference between units is present.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-02 Xin Lu , Yuhao Wang , Zhiheng Zhang