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Index plays an essential role in modern database engines to accelerate the query processing. The new paradigm of "learned index" has significantly changed the way of designing index structures in DBMS. The key insight is that indexes could…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Jiacheng Wu , Yong Zhang , Shimin Chen , Jin Wang , Yu Chen , Chunxiao Xing

Learned Indexes (LIs) represent a paradigm shift from traditional index structures by employing machine learning models to approximate the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of sorted data. While LIs achieve remarkable efficiency for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Alireza Heidari , Amirhossein Ahmad , Wei Zhang , Ying Xiong

Learned Index Structures (LIS) have significantly advanced data management by leveraging machine learning models to optimize data indexing. However, designing these structures often involves critical trade-offs, making it challenging for…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Taiyi Wang , Liang Liang , Guang Yang , Thomas Heinis , Eiko Yoneki

Recently, numerous promising results have shown that updatable learned indexes can perform better than traditional indexes with much lower memory space consumption. But it is unknown how these learned indexes compare against each other and…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Chaichon Wongkham , Baotong Lu , Chris Liu , Zhicong Zhong , Eric Lo , Tianzheng Wang

Indexes can significantly improve search performance in relational databases. However, if the query workload changes frequently or new data updates occur continuously, it may not be worthwhile to build a conventional index upfront for query…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Suvam Kumar Das , Suprio Ray

Index structures are important for efficient data access, which have been widely used to improve the performance in many in-memory systems. Due to high in-memory overheads, traditional index structures become difficult to process the…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Pengfei Li , Yu Hua , Pengfei Zuo , Jingnan Jia

The recursive model index (RMI) has recently been introduced as a machine-learned replacement for traditional indexes over sorted data, achieving remarkably fast lookups. Follow-up work focused on explaining RMI's performance and…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Marcel Maltry , Jens Dittrich

The growth in data storage capacity and the increasing demands for high performance have created several challenges for concurrent indexing structures. One promising solution is learned indexes, which use a learning-based approach to fit…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jiake Ge , Huanchen Zhang , Boyu Shi , Yuanhui Luo , Yunda Guo , Yunpeng Chai , Yuxing Chen , Anqun Pan

Indexing large-scale databases in main memory is still challenging today. Learned index structures -- in which the core components of classical indexes are replaced with machine learning models -- have recently been suggested to…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Ali Hadian , Thomas Heinis

Efficiently querying data on embedded sensor and IoT devices is challenging given the very limited memory and CPU resources. With the increasing volumes of collected data, it is critical to process, filter, and manipulate data on the edge…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-03-07 David Ding , Ivan Carvalho , Ramon Lawrence

Neural models have transformed the fundamental information retrieval problem of mapping a query to a giant set of items. However, the need for efficient and low latency inference forces the community to reconsider efficient approximate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Gaurav Gupta , Tharun Medini , Anshumali Shrivastava , Alexander J Smola

Recent work on "learned indexes" has changed the way we look at the decades-old field of DBMS indexing. The key idea is that indexes can be thought of as "models" that predict the position of a key in a dataset. Indexes can, thus, be…

Continual instruction tuning enables large language models (LLMs) to learn incrementally while retaining past knowledge, whereas existing methods primarily focus on how to retain old knowledge rather than on selecting which new knowledge to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Peiyi Lin , Fukai Zhang , Kai Niu , Hao Fu

Learned indices using neural networks have been shown to outperform traditional indices such as B-trees in both query time and memory. However, learning the distribution of a large dataset can be expensive, and updating learned indices is…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Guanli Liu , Lars Kulik , Xingjun Ma , Jianzhong Qi

Index tuning is crucial for optimizing database performance by selecting optimal indexes based on workload. The key to this process lies in an accurate and efficient benefit estimator. Traditional methods relying on what-if tools often…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Tao Yu , Zhaonian Zou , Hao Xiong

Inverted indexes are vital in providing fast key-word-based search. For every term in the document collection, a list of identifiers of documents in which the term appears is stored, along with auxiliary information such as term frequency,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Harrie Oosterhuis , J. Shane Culpepper , Maarten de Rijke

Recent advancements in learned index structures propose replacing existing index structures, like B-Trees, with approximate learned models. In this work, we present a unified benchmark that compares well-tuned implementations of three…

Database indexes facilitate data retrieval and benefit broad applications in real-world systems. Recently, a new family of index, named learned index, is proposed to learn hidden yet useful data distribution and incorporate such information…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Yaliang Li , Daoyuan Chen , Bolin Ding , Kai Zeng , Jingren Zhou

The diversity of intrinsic qualities of multimedia entities tends to impede their effective retrieval. In a SelfLearning Search Engine architecture, the subtle nuances of human perceptions and deep knowledge are taught and captured through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Nikki Lijing Kuang , Clement H. C. Leung

We show that existing upsampling operators can be unified with the notion of the index function. This notion is inspired by an observation in the decoding process of deep image matting where indices-guided unpooling can recover boundary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Hao Lu , Yutong Dai , Chunhua Shen , Songcen Xu
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