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We obtain a Stein characterisation of the distribution of the product of two correlated normal random variables with non-zero means, and more generally the distribution of the sum of independent copies of such random variables. Our Stein…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Robert E. Gaunt , Siqi Li , Heather L. Sutcliffe

The paper considers the distribution of a general linear combination of central and non-central chi-square random variables by exploring the branch cut regions that appear in the standard Laplace inversion process. Due to the original…

Computation · Statistics 2023-05-15 Alfred Kume , Tomonari Sei , Andrew T. A. Wood

Approximate distributions for sum and difference of linearly correlated $\chi^{2}$ distributed random variables are derived. It is shown that they can be reduced to conveniently parametrized gamma and Variance-Gamma distributions,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-25 Alberto Ferrari

We derive the exact probability density function of the product of $N$ independent variance-gamma random variables with zero location parameter. We then apply this formula to derive formulas for the cumulative distribution function and…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Robert E. Gaunt , Siqi Li , Heather Sutcliffe

In the present paper new insights into the study of the Non-central Dirichlet distribution are provided. This latter is the analogue of the Dirichlet distribution obtained by replacing the Chi-Squared random variables involved in its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-23 Carlo Orsi

The distribution of the sum of r-th power of standard normal random variables is a generalization of the chi-squared distribution. In this paper, we represent the probability density function of the random variable by an one-dimensional…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Tamio Koyama

The product of two zero mean correlated normal random variables, and more generally the sum of independent copies of such random variables, has received much attention in the statistics literature and appears in many application areas.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-07 Robert E. Gaunt

Exact formulas are derived for the probability density functions of the sum and difference of two independent non-central gamma distributed random variables, with both series and integral representations of the density presented. These…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-18 Robert E. Gaunt , Heather L. Sutcliffe

In this paper, we develop a non-asymptotic local normal approximation for multinomial probabilities. First, we use it to find non-asymptotic total variation bounds between the measures induced by uniformly jittered multinomials and the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Eric Bax , Frédéric Ouimet

Let $X$ and $Y$ be independent variance-gamma random variables with zero location parameter; then the exact probability density function of the product $XY$ is derived. Some basic distributional properties are also derived, including…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Robert E. Gaunt , Siqi Li

This paper presents the probability distribution function (p.d.f.) and cumulative distribution function (c.d.f.) of the weighted sum of central independent chi-squared random variables with non-zero weighs based on a method using moment…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Ayse Unsal , Raymond Knopp

We prove that the distribution of the product of two correlated normal random variables with arbitrary means and arbitrary variances is infinitely divisible. We also obtain exact formulas for the probability density function of the sum of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Robert E. Gaunt , Saralees Nadarajah , Tibor K. Pogány

We have investigated a weighted chi-square distribution of the variable $\xi$ which is a weighted sum of squared normally distributed independent variables whose weights are cosines of angles $\phi_k=2\pi k/N$, where $k \in \{0,1,...,N-1\}$…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-12-24 Vladislav Egorov , Boris Kryzhanovsky

In this article, we first review the connection between L\'evy processes and infinitely divisible random variables, and the classification of infinitely divisible distributions. Using this connection and the L\'evy-Khinchine representation…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-06 Neelesh S Upadhye , Kalyan Barman

Two--sided bounds are constructed for a probability density function of a weighted sum of chi-square variables. Both cases of central and non-central chi-square variables are considered. The upper and lower bounds have the same dependence…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-22 Sergey G. Bobkov , Alexey A. Naumov , Vladimir V. Ulyanov

We obtain asymptotic approximations for the probability density function of the product of two correlated normal random variables with non-zero means and arbitrary variances. As a consequence, we deduce asymptotic approximations for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Robert E. Gaunt , Zixin Ye

Let $X_1,\ldots,X_M$ and $Y_1,\ldots,Y_N$ be independent zero mean normal random variables with variances $\sigma_{X_i}^2$, $i=1,\ldots,M$, and $\sigma_{Y_j}^2$, $j=1,\ldots,N$, respectively, and let $X=X_1\cdots X_M$ and $Y=Y_1\cdots Y_N$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Robert E. Gaunt , Heather L. Sutcliffe

Pearson's chi-squared test is widely used to assess the uniformity of discrete histograms, typically relying on a continuous chi-squared distribution to approximate the test statistic, since computing the exact distribution is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-01 Nikola Banić , Neven Elezović

The question of testing for equality in distribution between two linear models, each consisting of sums of distinct discrete independent random variables with unequal numbers of observations, has emerged from the biological research. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-01 Giulio Prevedello , Ken R. Duffy

In this paper we consider the probability density function (PDF) of the non-central $\chi^2$ distribution with arbitrary number of degrees of freedom and non-centrality. For this function we find the approximate location of the maximum and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Victor Ananyev , Alexander Lincoln Read
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