Related papers: Engel and co-Engel graphs of finite groups

We prove a singular version of the Engel theorem. We prove a normal form theorem for germs of holomorphic singular Engel systems with good conditions on its singular set. As an application, we prove that there exists an integral analytic…

Fitch graphs $G=(X,E)$ are di-graphs that are explained by $\{\otimes,1\}$-edge-labeled rooted trees with leaf set $X$: there is an arc $xy\in E$ if and only if the unique path in $T$ that connects the least common ancestor…

In this paper, we propose a characterization of chordal bipartite graphs and an efficient enumeration algorithm for chordal bipartite induced subgraphs. A chordal bipartite graph is a bipartite graph without induced cycles with length six…

For a finite group $G$ with a normal subgroup $H$, the enhanced quotient graph of $G/H$, denoted by $\mathcal{G}_{H}(G),$ is the graph with vertex set $V=(G\backslash H)\cup \{e\}$ and two vertices $x$ and $y$ are edge connected if $xH =…

Given a finite group $G$ and a subset $X$ of $G$, the commuting graph of $G$ on $X$, denoted by ${\cal C}(G,X)$, is the graph that has $X$ as its vertex set with $x,y\in X$ joined by an edge whenever $x\neq y$ and $xy=yx$. Let $T$ be a…

Let $k,l$ be nonnegative integers. A graph $G$ is $(k,l)$-polar if its vertex set admits a partition $(A,B)$ such that $A$ induces a complete multipartite graph with at most $k$ parts, and $B$ induces a disjoint union of at most $l$ cliques…

Let $H$ be a subgroup of a finite non-abelian group $G$ and $g \in G$. Let $Z(H, G) = \{x \in H : xy = yx, \forall y \in G\}$. We introduce the graph $\Delta_{H, G}^g$ whose vertex set is $G \setminus Z(H, G)$ and two distinct vertices $x$…

The entropy of a digraph is a fundamental measure which relates network coding, information theory, and fixed points of finite dynamical systems. In this paper, we focus on the entropy of undirected graphs. We prove that for any integer $k$…

Structural properties of finite digraphs $R$ and $S$ are studied which enforce $\# {\cal H}(G,R) \leq \# {\cal H}(G,S)$ for every finite digraph $G \in \mathfrak{ D }'$, where ${\cal H}(G,H)$ is the set of homomorphisms from $G$ to $H$, and…

A K\H{o}nig--Egerv\'ary graph is a graph $G$ satisfying $\alpha(G)+\mu(G)=n(G)$, where $\alpha(G)$, $\mu(G)$, and $n(G)$ denote the independence number, the matching number, and the order of $G$, respectively. Let $\textnormal{core}(G)$ and…

Bidirected graphs are multigraphs where every edge has an independent direction at each end. In the paper, with an arbitrary bidirected graph we associate a non-negative integral quadratic form (called the incidence form of the graph), and…

We introduce certain $C^*$-algebras and $k$-graphs associated to $k$ finite dimensional unitary representations $\rho_1,...,\rho_k$ of a compact group $G$. We define a higher rank Doplicher-Roberts algebra $\mathcal{O}_{\rho_1,...,\rho_k}$,…

We call a finite undirected graph minimally k-matchable if it has at least k distinct perfect matchings but deleting any edge results in a graph which has not. An odd subdivision of some graph G is any graph obtained by replacing every edge…

Various partially ordered Grothendieck group invariants are introduced for general operator algebras and these are used in the classification of direct systems and direct limits of finite-dimensional complex incidence algebras with common…

For a graph $G$ without isolated vertices, the inverse degree of a graph $G$ is defined as $ID(G)=\sum_{u\in V(G)}d(u)^{-1}$ where $d(u)$ is the number of vertices adjacent to the vertex $u$ in $G$. By replacing $-1$ by any non-zero real…

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is $\gamma$-excellent if $V$ is a union of all $\gamma$-sets of $G$, where $\gamma$ stands for the domination number. Let $\mathcal{I}$ be a set of all mutually nonisomorphic graphs and $\emptyset \not= \mathcal{H}…

A mixed graph $G$ is a graph obtained from a simple undirected graph by orientating a subset of edges. $G$ is self-converse if it is isomorphic to the graph obtained from $G$ by reversing each directed edge. For two mixed graphs $G$ and $H$…

Directions of graphs were originally introduced in the study of a cops-and-robbers kind of game, while the study of end spaces has been used to generalize classical graph-theoretical results to infinite graphs, such as Halin's…

Let $G$ be a group. Let $X$ be a connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $K$. Denote by $A=X(K)$ the set of $K$-points of $X$. We study a class of endomorphisms of pro-algebraic groups, namely algebraic group cellular…

Recently, several works by a number of authors have provided characterizations of integral undirected Cayley graphs over generalized dihedral groups and generalized dicyclic groups. We generalize and unify these results in two different…