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In this paper, we propose an attention-based end-to-end neural approach for small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS), which aims to simplify the pipelines of building a production-quality KWS system. Our model consists of an encoder and an…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Changhao Shan , Junbo Zhang , Yujun Wang , Lei Xie

Recent advances in flexible keyword spotting (KWS) with text enrollment allow users to personalize keywords without uttering them during enrollment. However, there is still room for improvement in target keyword performance. In this work,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Youngmoon Jung , Jinyoung Lee , Seungjin Lee , Myunghun Jung , Yong-Hyeok Lee , Hoon-Young Cho

In order to maximize detection precision rate as well as the recall rate, this paper proposes an in-vehicle multi-source fusion scheme in Keyword Spotting (KWS) System for vehicle applications. Vehicle information, as a new source for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yue Tan , Kan Zheng , Lei Lei

End-to-end (E2E) systems have achieved competitive results compared to conventional hybrid hidden Markov model (HMM)-deep neural network based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Such E2E systems are attractive due to the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Kartik Audhkhasi , Andrew Rosenberg , Abhinav Sethy , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Brian Kingsbury

Few-shot keyword spotting (FS-KWS) models usually require large-scale annotated datasets to generalize to unseen target keywords. However, existing KWS datasets are limited in scale and gathering keyword-like labeled data is costly…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Seunghan Yang , Byeonggeun Kim , Kyuhong Shim , Simyung Chang

Few-shot keyword spotting aims to detect previously unseen keywords with very limited labeled samples. A pre-training and adaptation paradigm is typically adopted for this task. While effective in clean conditions, most existing approaches…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Junming Yuan , Ying Shi , Dong Wang , Lantian Li , Askar Hamdulla

This paper presents a sensory fusion neuromorphic dataset collected with precise temporal synchronization using a set of Address-Event-Representation sensors and tools. The target application is the lip reading of several keywords for…

Despite rapid advancement in recent years, current speech enhancement models often produce speech that differs in perceptual quality from real clean speech. We propose a learning objective that formalizes differences in perceptual quality,…

Voice-based interfaces rely on a wake-up word mechanism to initiate communication with devices. However, achieving a robust, energy-efficient, and fast detection remains a challenge. This paper addresses these real production needs by…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Fernando López , Jordi Luque , Carlos Segura , Pablo Gómez

We propose a single neural network architecture for two tasks: on-line keyword spotting and voice activity detection. We develop novel inference algorithms for an end-to-end Recurrent Neural Network trained with the Connectionist Temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Chris Lengerich , Awni Hannun

Keyword spotting (KWS) enables speech-based user interaction and gradually becomes an indispensable component of smart devices. Recently, end-to-end (E2E) methods have become the most popular approach for on-device KWS tasks. However, there…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-01 Jie Wang , Menglong Xu , Jingyong Hou , Binbin Zhang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Lei Xie , Fuping Pan

Automatic detection of speaker confidence is critical for adaptive computing but remains constrained by limited labelled data and the subjectivity of paralinguistic annotations. This paper proposes a semi-supervised hybrid framework that…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Adam Wynn , Jingyun Wang

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is a task that aims to extract semantic information from spoken utterances. Previous research has made progress in end-to-end SLU by using paired speech-text data, such as pre-trained Automatic Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Guan-Wei Wu , Guan-Ting Lin , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Query by String Keyword Spotting (KWS) is here considered as a key technology for indexing large collections of handwritten text images to allow fast textual access to the contents of these collections. Under this perspective, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-04-13 E. Vidal , A. H. Toselli , J. Puigcerver

With the development of internet of things technologies, tremendous sensor audio data has been produced, which poses great challenges to audio-based event detection in smart cities. In this paper, we target a challenging audio-based event…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Haoyu Tang , Yunxiao Wang , Jihua Zhu , Shuaike Zhang , Mingzhu Xu , Qinghai Zheng , Yupeng Hu

In this study, we develop the keyword spotting (KWS) and acoustic model (AM) components in a far-field speaker system. Specifically, we use teacher-student (T/S) learning to adapt a close-talk well-trained production AM to far-field by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Jinyu Li , Rui Zhao , Zhuo Chen , Changliang Liu , Xiong Xiao , Guoli Ye , Yifan Gong

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC), a non-autoregressive training criterion, is widely used in online keyword spotting (KWS). However, existing CTC-based KWS decoding strategies either rely on Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Yu Xi , Haoyu Li , Xiaoyu Gu , Hao Li , Yidi Jiang , Kai Yu

The detection of voiced speech, the estimation of the fundamental frequency, and the tracking of pitch values over time are crucial subtasks for a variety of speech processing techniques. Many different algorithms have been developed for…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Benedikt Boenninghoff , Robert M. Nickel , Steffen Zeiler , Dorothea Kolossa

In this paper, we consider the task of spotting spoken keywords in silent video sequences -- also known as visual keyword spotting. To this end, we investigate Transformer-based models that ingest two streams, a visual encoding of the video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-01 K R Prajwal , Liliane Momeni , Triantafyllos Afouras , Andrew Zisserman

Keyword Spotting (KWS) from speech signals is widely applied to perform fully hands-free speech recognition. The KWS network is designed as a small-footprint model so it can continuously be active. Recent efforts have explored dynamic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-25 Donghyeon Kim , Kyungdeuk Ko , Jeonggi Kwak , David K. Han , Hanseok Ko