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This paper presents a class of linear predictors for nonlinear controlled dynamical systems. The basic idea is to lift the nonlinear dynamics into a higher dimensional space where its evolution is approximately linear. In an uncontrolled…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-26 Milan Korda , Igor Mezić

The principal innovative idea in this paper is to transform the original complex nonlinear modeling problem into a combination of linear problem and very simple nonlinear problems. The key step is the generalized linearization of nonlinear…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-09-21 W. Chen

The Koopman operator has recently garnered much attention for its value in dynamical systems analysis and data-driven model discovery. However, its application has been hindered by the computational complexity of extended dynamic mode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Enoch Yeung , Soumya Kundu , Nathan Hodas

Can we effectively learn a nonlinear representation in time comparable to linear learning? We describe a new algorithm that explicitly and adaptively expands higher-order interaction features over base linear representations. The algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-03 Alekh Agarwal , Alina Beygelzimer , Daniel Hsu , John Langford , Matus Telgarsky

We exploit the key idea that nonlinear system identification is equivalent to linear identification of the socalled Koopman operator. Instead of considering nonlinear system identification in the state space, we obtain a novel linear…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Alexandre Mauroy , Jorge Goncalves

Representing and predicting high-dimensional and spatiotemporally chaotic dynamical systems remains a fundamental challenge in dynamical systems and machine learning. Although data-driven models can achieve accurate short-term forecasts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Liangyu Su , Jun Shu , Rui Liu , Deyu Meng , Zongben Xu

The Koopman representation is an infinite dimensional linear representation of linear or nonlinear dynamical systems. It represents the dynamics of output maps (aka observables), which are functions on the state space whose evaluation is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-18 Bassam Bamieh

Dynamical systems provide a comprehensive way to study complex and changing behaviors across various sciences. Many modern systems are too complicated to analyze directly or we do not have access to models, driving significant interest in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-07-10 Matthew J. Colbrook , Igor Mezić , Alexei Stepanenko

The Koopman operator framework enables global analysis of nonlinear systems through its inherent linearity. This study aims to clarify spectral properties of the Koopman operators for nonlinear systems with control inputs. To this end, we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Natsuki Katayama , Alexandre Mauroy , Yoshihiko Susuki

Koopman linear representations have become a popular tool for control design of nonlinear systems, yet it remains unclear when such representations are exact. In this paper, we establish sufficient and necessary conditions under which a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Xu Shang , Masih Haseli , Jorge Cortés , Yang Zheng

The engineering design process often relies on mathematical modeling that can describe the underlying dynamic behavior. In this work, we present a data-driven methodology for modeling the dynamics of nonlinear systems. To simplify this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-01-05 Pawan Goyal , Peter Benner

The discovery of linear embedding is the key to the synthesis of linear control techniques for nonlinear systems. In recent years, while Koopman operator theory has become a prominent approach for learning these linear embeddings through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Rajpal Singh , Chandan Kumar Sah , Jishnu Keshavan

We introduce two novel generalizations of the Koopman operator method of nonlinear dynamic modeling. Each of these generalizations leads to greatly improved predictive performance without sacrificing a unique trait of Koopman methods: the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-15 Span Spanbauer , Ian Hunter

This paper presents a methodology to achieve lower-dimensional Koopman quasi-linear representations of nonlinear system dynamics using Koopman generalized eigenfunctions. The proposed approach considers the analytically derived Koopman…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Simone Martini , Margareta Stefanovic , Kimon P. Valavanis

The control of legged robots, particularly humanoid and quadruped robots, presents significant challenges due to their high-dimensional and nonlinear dynamics. While linear systems can be effectively controlled using methods like Model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Feihan Li , Abulikemu Abuduweili , Yifan Sun , Rui Chen , Weiye Zhao , Changliu Liu

This paper presents a Carleman-Fourier linearization method for nonlinear dynamical systems with periodic vector fields involving multiple fundamental frequencies. By employing Fourier basis functions, the nonlinear dynamical system is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Panpan Chen , Nader Motee , Qiyu Sun

Soft robots are challenging to model and control as inherent non-linearities (e.g., elasticity and deformation), often requires complex explicit physics-based analytical modeling (e.g., a priori geometric definitions). While machine…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Naoto Komeno , Brendan Michael , Katharina Küchler , Edgar Anarossi , Takamitsu Matsubara

The field of dynamical systems is being transformed by the mathematical tools and algorithms emerging from modern computing and data science. First-principles derivations and asymptotic reductions are giving way to data-driven approaches…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-11-02 Steven L. Brunton , Marko Budišić , Eurika Kaiser , J. Nathan Kutz

The accurate modeling of dynamics in interactive environments is critical for successful long-range prediction. Such a capability could advance Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Planning algorithms, but achieving it is challenging.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Arnab Kumar Mondal , Siba Smarak Panigrahi , Sai Rajeswar , Kaleem Siddiqi , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

In this work, we explore finite-dimensional linear representations of nonlinear dynamical systems by restricting the Koopman operator to an invariant subspace. The Koopman operator is an infinite-dimensional linear operator that evolves…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Steven L. Brunton , Bingni W. Brunton , Joshua L. Proctor , J. Nathan Kutz