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FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) is a common format for astronomical data storage. It was first standardised in the early 1980s. Even though astronomical data is now processed mostly using software, visual data inspection by a human…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-19 Matwey Kornilov , Konstantin Malanchev

Domain scientists increasingly develop Python scripts to analyze satellite imagery but they lack scalability to large-scale data. This paper demonstrates GRAIL, an agentic translation system that converts Python geospatial workflows into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhuocheng Shang , Ahmed Eldawy

Deep astronomical images are often constructed by digitially stacking many individual sub-exposures. Each sub-exposure is expected to show small differences in the positions of stars and other objects in the field, due to the movement of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-22 Carter Lee Rhea , Pieter Van Dokkum , Steven R. Janssens , Imad Pasha , Roberto Abraham , William P Bowman , Deborah Lokhorst , Seery Chen

Increasingly there is a need to develop astronomical visualisation and manipulations tools which allow viewers to interact with displayed data directly, in real time and across a range of platforms. In addition, increases in dynamic range…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-05 P. Mohan , C. Hawkins , R. Klapaukh , M. Johnston-Hollitt

Scientific exploitation of the ever increasing volumes of astronomical data requires efficient and practical methods for data access, visualisation, and analysis. Hierarchical sky tessellation techniques enable a multi-resolution approach…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 P. Fernique , M. G. Allen , T. Boch , A. Oberto , F-X. Pineau , D. Durand , C. Bot , L. Cambresy , S. Derriere , F. Genova , F. Bonnarel

Image Processing, Optimization and Prediction of an Image play a key role in Computer Science. Image processing provides a way to analyze and identify an image .Many areas like medical image processing, Satellite images, natural images and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Shweta Jain , Urmila Shrawankar

We present Synthesizer, a fast, flexible, modular and extensible platform for modelling synthetic astrophysical observables. Synthesizer can be used for a number of applications, but is predominantly designed for generating mock observables…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Christopher C. Lovell , William J. Roper , Aswin P. Vijayan , Stephen M. Wilkins , Sophie Newman , Louise Seeyave

We present the first public version of SImMER, an open-source Python reduction pipeline for astronomical images of point sources. Current capabilities include dark-subtraction, flat-fielding, sky-subtraction, image registration, FWHM…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Arjun B. Savel , Lea A. Hirsch , Holden Gill , Courtney D. Dressing , David R. Ciardi

SkyPy is an open-source Python package for simulating the astrophysical sky. It comprises a library of physical and empirical models across a range of observables and a command-line script to run end-to-end simulations. The library provides…

Providing high-quality electron images and hyperspectral X-ray maps is a focus of many modern electron microscopy laboratories. Nevertheless, further image processing and annotations are often needed to prepare them for publications and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-24 Noah Kraft , Anette von der Handt

Advancements in technology and reduction in it's cost have led to a substantial growth in the quality & quantity of imagery captured by Earth Observation (EO) satellites. This has presented a challenge to the efficacy of the traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Aidan Duggan , Bruno Andrade , Haithem Afli

The SPIRE Photometer Simulator reproduces the entire Herschel-SPIRE system in a modular IDL program. Almost every aspect of the operation of SPIRE can be investigated in a systematic way to ensure that observations are performed in the most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. J. Waskett , B. Sibthorpe , M. J. Griffin

The rapid growth in scale and complexity of both computational and observational astrophysics over the past decade necessitates efficient and intuitive methods for examining and visualizing large datasets. Here, I present {\it AstroBlend},…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-11 J. P. Naiman

Electronically Assisted Astronomy consists in capturing deep sky images with a digital camera coupled to a telescope to display views of celestial objects that would have been invisible through direct observation. This practice generates a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-20 Olivier Parisot , Pierrick Bruneau , Patrik Hitzelberger

Hyperspectral imaging is a powerful tool for Earth exploration, allowing for detailed analysis of spectral features. India has launched a dedicated hyperspectral Earth observation satellite capable of capturing data across a wide…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-15 Ankur Garg , Abhishek Patil , Meenakshi Sarkar , S. Manthira Moorthi , Debajyoti Dhar

Wavelength calibration is a routine and critical part of any spectral work-flow, but many astronomers still resort to matching detected peaks and emission lines by hand. We present RASCAL (RANSAC Assisted Spectral CALibration), a python…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-13 Josh Veitch-Michaelis , Marco C Lam

Image Processing algorithms for vision-based navigation require reliable image simulation capacities. In this paper we explain why traditional rendering engines may present limitations that are potentially critical for space applications.…

Remote sensing image super-resolution (RSISR) is a crucial task in remote sensing image processing, aiming to reconstruct high-resolution (HR) images from their low-resolution (LR) counterparts. Despite the growing number of RSISR methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Yunliang Qi , Meng Lou , Yimin Liu , Lu Li , Zhen Yang , Wen Nie

In this paper orthogonal multifilters for astronomical image processing are presented. We obtained new orthogonal multifilters based on the orthogonal wavelet of Haar and Daubechies. Recently, multiwavelets have been introduced as a more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Vasil Kolev

Visualizing and navigating through large astronomy images from a remote location with current astronomy display tools can be a frustrating experience in terms of speed and ergonomics, especially on mobile devices. In this paper, we present…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-06 Emmanuel Bertin , Ruven Pillay , Chiara Marmo