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We illustrate the power of Experimental Mathematics and Symbolic Computation to suggest irrationality proofs of natural constants, and the determination of their irrationality measures. Sometimes such proofs can be fully automated, but…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-10 Doron Zeilberger , Wadim Zudilin

Over the past few decades, non-monotonic reasoning has developed to be one of the most important topics in computational logic and artificial intelligence. Different ways to introduce non-monotonic aspects to classical logic have been…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-09-13 Michael Thomas , Heribert Vollmer

Despite recent advances in modern machine learning algorithms, the opaqueness of their underlying mechanisms continues to be an obstacle in adoption. To instill confidence and trust in artificial intelligence systems, Explainable Artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Zheng Zhang , Liangliang Xu , Levent Yilmaz , Bo Liu

Various forms of implications of artificial intelligence that either exacerbate or decrease racial systemic injustice have been explored in this applied research endeavor. Taking each thematic area of identifying, analyzing, and debating an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Alia Abbas

In a wide array of areas, algorithms are matching and surpassing the performance of human experts, leading to consideration of the roles of human judgment and algorithmic prediction in these domains. The discussion around these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Maithra Raghu , Katy Blumer , Greg Corrado , Jon Kleinberg , Ziad Obermeyer , Sendhil Mullainathan

Defining artificial intelligence (AI) is a persistent challenge, often muddied by technical ambiguity and varying interpretations. Commonly used definitions heavily emphasize technical properties of AI but neglect the human purpose of it.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Johannes Dahlke

Mathematical understanding is built in many ways. Among these, illustration has been a companion and tool for research for as long as research has taken place. We use the term illustration to encompass any way one might bring a mathematical…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-12-29 Rémi Coulon , Gabriel Dorfsman-Hopkins , Edmund Harriss , Martin Skrodzki , Katherine E. Stange , Glen Whitney

The advent of artificial intelligence has changed many disciplines such as engineering, social science and economics. Artificial intelligence is a computational technique which is inspired by natural intelligence such as the swarming of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Tshilidzi Marwala , Evan Hurwitz

What is the nature of curiosity? Is there any scientific way to understand the origin of this mysterious force that drives the behavior of even the stupidest naturally intelligent systems and is completely absent in their smartest…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-28 Alex Ushveridze

Explainability is needed to establish confidence in machine learning results. Some explainable methods take a post hoc approach to explain the weights of machine learning models, others highlight areas of the input contributing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

This paper demonstrates that artificial intelligence can accelerate mathematical discovery by autonomously solving an open problem in theoretical physics. We present a neuro-symbolic system, combining the Gemini Deep Think large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Michael P. Brenner , Vincent Cohen-Addad , David Woodruff

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an effective science which employs strong enough approaches, methods, and techniques to solve unsolvable real world based problems. Because of its unstoppable rise towards the future, there are also some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-12 Alice Pavaloiu , Utku Kose

The promise of AI is huge. AI systems have already achieved good enough performance to be in our streets and in our homes. However, they can be brittle and unfair. For society to reap the benefits of AI systems, society needs to be able to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jeannette M. Wing

Combinatorial games lead to several interesting, clean problems in algorithms and complexity theory, many of which remain open. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the area to encourage further research. In particular, we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-09-25 Erik D. Demaine , Robert A. Hearn

In this paper we study the logical foundations of automated inductive theorem proving. To that aim we first develop a theoretical model that is centered around the difficulty of finding induction axioms which are sufficient for proving a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Stefan Hetzl , Tin Lok Wong

We discuss whether science is in the process of being transformed from a quest for causality to a quest for correlation in light of the recent development in artificial intelligence. We observe that while a blind trust in the most seductive…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-06 Alex Hansen , Sauro Succi

Natural evolution gives the impression of leading to an open-ended process of increasing diversity and complexity. If our goal is to produce such open-endedness artificially, this suggests an approach driven by evolutionary metaphor. On the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2018-12-13 Nicholas Guttenberg , Nathaniel Virgo , Alexandra Penn

In the artificial intelligence area, one of the ultimate goals is to make computers understand human language and offer assistance. In order to achieve this ideal, researchers of computer science have put forward a lot of models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Mengyun Cao , Jiao Tian , Dezhi Cheng , Jin Liu , Xiaoping Sun

As machine learning and algorithmic decision making systems are increasingly being leveraged in high-stakes human-in-the-loop settings, there is a pressing need to understand the rationale of their predictions. Researchers have responded to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Jonathan Dinu , Jeffrey Bigham , J. Zico Kolter

Deriving governing equations from empirical observations is a longstanding challenge in science. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated substantial capabilities in function approximation, the discovery of explainable and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Gyoung S. Na , Chanyoung Park