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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) hold significant promise for revolutionizing traditional education and reducing teachers' workload. However, accurately interpreting unconstrained STEM student handwritten solutions with intertwined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Weiyu Sun , Liangliang Chen , Yongnuo Cai , Huiru Xie , Yi Zeng , Ying Zhang

Since the advent of Large Language Models a few years ago, they have often been considered the de facto solution for many AI problems. However, in addition to the many deficiencies of LLMs that prevent them from broad industry adoption,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Jennifer Chu-Carroll , Andrew Beck , Greg Burnham , David OS Melville , David Nachman , A. Erdem Özcan , David Ferrucci

We introduce a novel, training free cascade for auto-prompting Large Language Models (LLMs) to assess product quality in e-commerce. Our system requires no training labels or model fine-tuning, instead automatically generating and refining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Soham Satyadharma , Fatemeh Sheikholeslami , Swati Kaul , Aziz Umit Batur , Suleiman A. Khan

Emerging multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit great potential for chart question answering (CQA). Recent efforts primarily focus on scaling up training datasets (i.e., charts, data tables, and question-answer (QA) pairs) through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Xingchen Zeng , Haichuan Lin , Yilin Ye , Wei Zeng

With the accelerating development of Large Language Models (LLMs), many LLMs are beginning to be used in the Chinese K-12 education domain. The integration of LLMs and education is getting closer and closer, however, there is currently no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jinchang Hou , Chang Ao , Haihong Wu , Xiangtao Kong , Zhigang Zheng , Daijia Tang , Chengming Li , Xiping Hu , Ruifeng Xu , Shiwen Ni , Min Yang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into education presents unprecedented opportunities for scalable personalized learning. However, standard LLMs often function as generic information providers, lacking alignment with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Siyu Song , Wentao Liu , Ye Lu , Ruohua Zhang , Tao Liu , Jinze Lv , Xinyun Wang , Aimin Zhou , Fei Tan , Bo Jiang , Hao Hao

This paper proposes Edge-FIT (Federated Instruction Tuning on the Edge), a scalable framework for Federated Instruction Tuning (FIT) of Large Language Models (LLMs). Traditional Federated Learning (TFL) methods, like FedAvg, fail when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Vinay Venkatesh , Vamsidhar R Kamanuru , Lav Kumar , Nikita Kothari

Instruction tuning as an effective technique aligns the outputs of large language models (LLMs) with human preference. But how to generate the seasonal multi-turn dialogues from raw documents for instruction tuning still requires further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Xia Hou , Qifeng Li , Jian Yang , Tongliang Li , Linzheng Chai , Xianjie Wu , Hangyuan Ji , Zhoujun Li , Jixuan Nie , Jingbo Dun , Wenfeng Song

Finding relevant products given a user query is pivotal to an e-commerce platform, as it can drive shopping behavior and generate revenue. The challenge lies in accurately predicting the correlation between queries and products. Recently,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ge Zhang , Rohan Deepak Ajwani , Yaochen Hu , Tony Zheng , Hongjian Gu , Wei Guo , Mark Coates , Yingxue Zhang

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a research field that aims to estimate a student's knowledge state through learning interactions-a crucial component of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs). Despite significant advancements, no current KT models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Yongwan Cho , Rabia Emhamed AlMamlook , Tasnim Gharaibeh

Pretrained Language Models (PLM) have been greatly successful on a board range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, it has just started being applied to the domain of recommendation systems. Traditional recommendation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Nuofan Xu , Chenhui Hu

E-commerce agents contribute greatly to helping users complete their e-commerce needs. To promote further research and application of e-commerce agents, benchmarking frameworks are introduced for evaluating LLM agents in the e-commerce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chenyu Zhou , Xiaoming Shi , Hui Qiu , Xiawu Zheng , Haitao Leng , Yankai Jiang , Shaoguo Liu , Tingting Gao , Rongrong Ji

We introduce the LiLiuM series of large language models (LLMs): 1B, 7B, and 13B parameter models developed 100% in-house to fit eBay's specific needs in the e-commerce domain. This gives eBay full control over all aspects of the models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Christian Herold , Michael Kozielski , Leonid Ekimov , Pavel Petrushkov , Pierre-Yves Vandenbussche , Shahram Khadivi

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer state-of-the-art performance in natural language understanding and generation tasks. However, the deployment of leading commercial models for specialized tasks, such as e-commerce, is often hindered by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Josip Tomo Licardo , Nikola Tankovic

Contemporary recommendation systems predominantly rely on ID embedding to capture latent associations among users and items. However, this approach overlooks the wealth of semantic information embedded within textual descriptions of items,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jian Jia , Yipei Wang , Yan Li , Honggang Chen , Xuehan Bai , Zhaocheng Liu , Jian Liang , Quan Chen , Han Li , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

With the growing use of Large Language Model (LLM)-based Question-Answering (QA) systems in education, it is critical to evaluate their performance across individual pipeline components. In this work, we introduce {\model}, a modular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Meenakshi Mittal , Rishi Khare , Mihran Miroyan , Chancharik Mitra , Narges Norouzi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for cybersecurity question answering (QA), supporting decision-making in real-time threat detection and response workflows. However, their substantial computational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Onat Gungor , Roshan Sood , Harold Wang , Tajana Rosing

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on diverse benchmarks, yet existing evaluation practices largely rely on coarse summary metrics that obscure underlying reasoning abilities. In this work, we propose novel…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Jia Liu , Zhiyu Xu , Yuqi Gu

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools capable of handling diverse tasks. Comparing and selecting appropriate LLMs for specific tasks requires systematic evaluation methods, as models exhibit varying capabilities across different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anna Sokol , Elizabeth Daly , Michael Hind , David Piorkowski , Xiangliang Zhang , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh Chawla

Training large language models (LLMs) to follow instructions has significantly enhanced their ability to tackle unseen tasks. However, despite their strong generalization capabilities, instruction-following LLMs encounter difficulties when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Maja Stahl , Timon Ziegenbein , Joonsuk Park , Henning Wachsmuth