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Foundation model-enabled generative artificial intelligence facilitates the development and implementation of agents, which can leverage distinguished reasoning and language processing capabilities to takes a proactive, autonomous role to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yue Liu , Sin Kit Lo , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Dehai Zhao , Xiwei Xu , Stefan Harrer , Jon Whittle

The recent release of large language model (LLM) based chatbots, such as ChatGPT, has attracted huge interest in foundation models. It is widely believed that foundation models will serve as the fundamental building blocks for future AI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Yue Liu , Zhenchang Xing , Jon Whittle

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

Foundation models, such as large language models (LLMs), have been widely recognised as transformative AI technologies due to their capabilities to understand and generate content, including plans with reasoning capabilities. Foundation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Zhenchang Xing , Stefan Harrer , Jon Whittle

The emergence of large language models has catalyzed two distinct yet interconnected paradigms in artificial intelligence: standalone AI Agents and collaborative Agentic AI ecosystems. This comprehensive study establishes a definitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Prashik Buddhaghosh Bansod

The paradigm of Earth Observation analysis is shifting from static deep learning models to autonomous agentic AI. Although recent vision foundation models and multimodal large language models advance representation learning, they often lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Niloufar Alipour Talemi , Julia Boone , Fatemeh Afghah

This review critically distinguishes between AI Agents and Agentic AI, offering a structured, conceptual taxonomy, application mapping, and analysis of opportunities and challenges to clarify their divergent design philosophies and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ranjan Sapkota , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

With the development of foundation model (FM), agentic AI systems are getting more attention, yet their inherent issues like hallucination and poor reasoning, coupled with the frequent ad-hoc nature of system design, lead to unreliable and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Minh-Dung Dao , Quy Minh Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Duc-Trong Le , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

This survey paper examines the recent advancements in AI agent implementations, with a focus on their ability to achieve complex goals that require enhanced reasoning, planning, and tool execution capabilities. The primary objectives of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Tula Masterman , Sandi Besen , Mason Sawtell , Alex Chao

This paper examines the evolution, architecture, and practical applications of AI agents from their early, rule-based incarnations to modern sophisticated systems that integrate large language models with dedicated modules for perception,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Naveen Krishnan

Recent advancements in large foundation models have remarkably enhanced our understanding of sensory information in open-world environments. In leveraging the power of foundation models, it is crucial for AI research to pivot away from…

Artificial Intelligence is moving from models that only generate text to Agentic AI, where systems behave as autonomous entities that can perceive, reason, plan, and act. Large Language Models (LLMs) are no longer used only as passive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Arunkumar V , Gangadharan G. R. , Rajkumar Buyya

This chapter argues that the reliability of agentic and generative AI is chiefly an architectural property. We define agentic systems as goal-directed, tool-using decision makers operating in closed loops, and show how reliability emerges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Sławomir Nowaczyk

The emergence of foundation models (FMs) has enabled the development of highly capable and autonomous agents, unlocking new application opportunities across a wide range of domains. Evaluating the architecture of agents is particularly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Qinghua Lu , Dehai Zhao , Yue Liu , Hao Zhang , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Angela Shi , Tristan Tan , Rick Kazman

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into organizational technology frameworks has transformed how organizations engage with AI-driven models, influencing both operational performance and strategic innovation. With the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Johannes Schneider , Rene Abraham

The era of intelligent agents is upon us, driven by revolutionary advancements in large language models. Large Language Model (LLM) agents, with goal-driven behaviors and dynamic adaptation capabilities, potentially represent a critical…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have rapidly evolved from specialized, rule-based programs to versatile, learning-driven autonomous systems capable of perception, reasoning, and action in complex environments. The explosion of data,…

AI agent systems increasingly rely on reusable non-LLM engineering infrastructure that packages tool mediation, context handling, delegation, safety control, and orchestration. Yet the architectural design decisions in this surrounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hu Wei

The release of ChatGPT, Gemini, and other large language model has drawn huge interests on foundations models. There is a broad consensus that foundations models will be the fundamental building blocks for future AI systems. However, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Zhenchang Xing , Jon Whittle

In this paper, we propose to develop service model architecture by merging multi-agentsystems and semantic web technology. The proposed architecture works in two stages namely, Query Identification and Solution Development. A person…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-09-03 Muneendra Ojha
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