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Algorithm selection, a critical process of automated machine learning, aims to identify the most suitable algorithm for solving a specific problem prior to execution. Mainstream algorithm selection techniques heavily rely on problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Xingyu Wu , Yan Zhong , Jibin Wu , Bingbing Jiang , Kay Chen Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a major step toward artificial general intelligence, significantly advancing our ability to interact with technology. While LLMs perform well on Natural Language Processing tasks -- such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Brandon Smith , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Phillip Dawson , Sunil Aryal

The extraordinary performance of large language models (LLMs) heightens the importance of detecting whether the context is generated by an AI system. More importantly, while more and more companies and institutions release their LLMs, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Linyang Li , Pengyu Wang , Ke Ren , Tianxiang Sun , Xipeng Qiu

Large language models have achieved remarkable success in general language understanding tasks. However, as a family of generative methods with the objective of next token prediction, the semantic evolution with the depth of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zhu Liu , Cunliang Kong , Ying Liu , Maosong Sun

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) exhibit powerful capabilities for generating natural text. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) can discover diverse solutions to complex real-world problems. Motivated by the common collective and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Chao Wang , Jiaxuan Zhao , Licheng Jiao , Lingling Li , Fang Liu , Shuyuan Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved significant success across various application domains, garnering substantial attention from different communities. Unfortunately, even for the best LLM, many \textit{faults} still exist…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Qiang Hu , Jin Wen , Maxime Cordy , Yuheng Huang , Wei Ma , Xiaofei Xie , Lei Ma

A Large Language Model (LLM) tends to generate inconsistent and sometimes contradictory outputs when presented with a prompt that has equivalent semantics but is expressed differently from the original prompt. To achieve semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jingyuan Yang , Dapeng Chen , Yajing Sun , Rongjun Li , Zhiyong Feng , Wei Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit world knowledge and inference capabilities, making them powerful tools for various applications. This paper proposes a feedback loop mechanism that leverages these capabilities to tune Evolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Oliver Kramer

Progress in image generation raises significant public security concerns. We argue that fake image detection should not operate as a "black box". Instead, an ideal approach must ensure both strong generalization and transparency. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yikun Ji , Yan Hong , Jiahui Zhan , Haoxing Chen , jun lan , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Liqing Zhang , Jianfu Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM)-guided evolutionary search is increasingly used for automated algorithm discovery, yet most current methods track search progress primarily through executable programs and scalar fitness. Even when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sichun Luo , Yi Huang , Haochen Luo , Fengyuan Liu , Guanzhi Deng , Lei Li , Qinghua Yao , Zefa Hu , Junlan Feng , Qi Liu

Knowledge erasure in large language models (LLMs) is important for ensuring compliance with data and AI regulations, safeguarding user privacy, mitigating bias, and misinformation. Existing unlearning methods aim to make the process of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yash Sinha , Manit Baser , Murari Mandal , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Mohan Kankanhalli

Copyright protection for large language models is of critical importance, given their substantial development costs, proprietary value, and potential for misuse. Existing surveys have predominantly focused on techniques for tracing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhenhua Xu , Xubin Yue , Zhebo Wang , Haobo Zhang , Qichen Liu , Xixiang Zhao , Jingxuan Zhang , Wenjun Zeng , Wengpeng Xing , Dezhang Kong , Changting Lin , Meng Han

This paper introduces PhyloLM, a method adapting phylogenetic algorithms to Large Language Models (LLMs) to explore whether and how they relate to each other and to predict their performance characteristics. Our method calculates a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nicolas Yax , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Stefano Palminteri

Watermarking has recently emerged as an effective strategy for detecting the outputs of large language models (LLMs). Most existing schemes require white-box access to the model's next-token probability distribution, which is typically not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Dara Bahri , John Wieting

Equation discovery is aimed at directly extracting physical laws from data and has emerged as a pivotal research domain. Previous methods based on symbolic mathematics have achieved substantial advancements, but often require the design of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Mengge Du , Yuntian Chen , Zhongzheng Wang , Longfeng Nie , Dongxiao Zhang

Background: Leaking sensitive information - such as API keys, tokens, and credentials - in source code remains a persistent security threat. Traditional regex and entropy-based tools often generate high false positives due to limited…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Md Nafiu Rahman , Sadif Ahmed , Zahin Wahab , S M Sohan , Rifat Shahriyar

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Llama have become prevalent in real-world applications, exhibiting impressive text generation performance. LLMs are fundamentally developed from a scenario where the input data remains static…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Cheng'an Wei , Yue Zhao , Yujia Gong , Kai Chen , Lu Xiang , Shenchen Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing through their state of art reasoning capabilities. This paper explores the convergence of LLM reasoning techniques and feature generation for machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Dharani Chandra

There are concerns that the ability of language models (LMs) to generate high quality synthetic text can be misused to launch spam, disinformation, or propaganda. Therefore, the research community is actively working on developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Nirav Diwan , Tanmoy Chakravorty , Zubair Shafiq

The Large Language Model (LLM) watermark is a newly emerging technique that shows promise in addressing concerns surrounding LLM copyright, monitoring AI-generated text, and preventing its misuse. The LLM watermark scheme commonly includes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zhaoxi Zhang , Xiaomei Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Chao Chen , Shengshan Hu , Asif Gill , Shirui Pan