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The basis for superconducting electronics can broadly be divided between two technologies: the Josephson junction and the superconducting nanowire. While the Josephson junction (JJ) remains the dominant technology due to its high speed and…

Many superconducting qubits are highly sensitive to dielectric loss, making the fabrication of coherent quantum circuits challenging. To elucidate this issue, we characterize the interfaces and surfaces of superconducting coplanar waveguide…

Microscopic inhomogeneity within superconducting films is a critical bottleneck hindering the performance and scalability of quantum circuits. All-nitride Josephson Junctions (JJs) have attracted substantial attention for their potential to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Prachi Garg , Danqing Wang , Hong X. Tang , Baishakhi Mazumder

Despite constituting a smaller fraction of the qubits electromagnetic mode, surfaces and interfaces can exert significant influence as sources of high-loss tangents, which brings forward the need to reveal properties of these extended…

Quantum error correction using erasure qubits offers higher fault-tolerant thresholds and improved scaling by converting dominant physical errors into detectable erasures. In superconducting circuits, erasure qubits can be constructed using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Bao-Jie Liu , Ying-Ying Wang , Yu-Xin Wang , Manthan Badbaria , Shruti Puri , Chen Wang

The energy losses of ~(0.273-3.334) MeV protons in Lithium Fluoride thin films deposited by vacuum evaporation onto self-supporting Al foils have been measured using the transmission method. The thicknesses of selected and used Lithium…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-05-26 Smail Damache , Djamel Moussa , Saad Ouichaoui

Tantalum is a promising platform for superconducting quantum circuits, yet coherence times remain limited by dielectric losses from interfacial two-level systems (TLS), exacerbated by native oxide regrowth. Here, we implement molecular…

We investigate the impact of two-level systems (TLSs) on superconductivity, treating them as soft modes localised in real space. We show that these defects can either enhance or suppress the superconducting critical temperature, depending…

We calculate the factor by which thermal phase fluctuations, as distinct from phase-slip fluctuations, increase the inductance, LJ, of a resistively-shunted Josephson junction (JJ) above its mean-field value, L0. We find that quantum…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-10-31 Thomas R. Lemberger , Aaron A. Pesetski , Stefan J. Turneaure

Recent progress with microfabricated quantum devices has revealed that an ubiquitous source of noise originates in tunneling material defects that give rise to a sparse bath of parasitic two-level systems (TLSs). For superconducting qubits,…

A simple microscopic model of a small superconducting loop interrupted by Josephson junction (flux qubit) allows to compute from the experimental data of Wal et.al \cite{Wal} an important parameter - the density of Cooper pairs at zero…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-04 Robert Alicki

Electropolishing is the premier surface preparation method for high-Q, high-gradient superconducting RF cavities made of Nb. This leaves behind an apparently smooth surface, yet the achievable peak magnetic fields fall well below the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-18 Oleksandr Hryhorenko , Anne-Marie Valente-Feliciano , Eric M. Lechner

Nanometer-scale surface chemistry limits the performance of SRF cavities and quantum circuits. We present an ab initio framework connecting DFT interfacial energetics with strong-coupling Eliashberg theory for capped Nb and Ta surfaces.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-10 Cristóbal Méndez , Nathan Sitaraman , Matthias Liepe , Tomás Arias

Protecting qubits from environmental noise while maintaining strong coupling for fast high-fidelity control is a central challenge for quantum information processing. Here, we demonstrate a control scheme for superconducting fluxonium…

Material defects give rise to parasitic two-level systems (TLS) which present a major source of decoherence in superconducting qubits. Here, we study a strongly coupled TLS that resides in the tunnel barrier of transmon qubit. We use…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 J. Lisenfeld , A. K. Händel , A. Bilmes , A. V. Ustinov

A process tomography based optimization scheme for open quantum systems is used to determine the performance limits of Josephson charge qubits within current experimental means. The qubit is modeled microscopically as an open quantum system…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-06-19 Robert Roloff , Walter Pötz

Quantum computers are close to become a practical technology. Solid-state implementations based, for example, on superconducting devices strongly rely on the quality of the constituent materials. In this work, we fabricate and characterize…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 M. S. Moeed , C. T. Earnest , J. H. Béjanin , A. S. Sharafeldin , M. Mariantoni

A crucial limit to measurement efficiencies of superconducting circuits comes from losses involved when coupling to an external quantum amplifier. Here, we realize a device circumventing this problem by directly embedding a two-level…

Enabling applications for solid state quantum technology will require systematically reducing noise, particularly dissipation, in these systems. Yet, when multiple decay channels are present in a system with similar weight, resolution to…

Lithium niobate (LN) is a promising material for building acoustic resonators used in quantum applications, but its performance is limited by poorly understood material defects called two-level systems (TLS). In this work, we fabricate…

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