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Pore formation during Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) has long posed challenges in metal 3D printing, significantly affecting the mechanical properties of the final product. Porosity frequently occurs because of an unstable keyhole…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Chuxiao Meng , Conor Porter , Sina Malakpour , Garrett Mathesen , Seongyeon Yang

We present a deep learning approach for quantifying and localizing ex-situ porosity within Laser Powder Bed Fusion fabricated samples utilizing in-situ thermal image monitoring data. Our goal is to build the real time porosity map of parts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Peter Myung-Won Pak , Francis Ogoke , Andrew Polonsky , Anthony Garland , Dan S. Bolintineanu , Dan R. Moser , Michael J. Heiden , Amir Barati Farimani

Laser Powder Bed Fusion has become a widely adopted method for metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) due to its ability to mass produce complex parts with increased local control. However, AM produced parts can be subject to undesirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Francis Ogoke , Kyle Johnson , Michael Glinsky , Chris Laursen , Sharlotte Kramer , Amir Barati Farimani

To control part quality, it is critical to analyze pore generation mechanisms, laying theoretical foundation for future porosity control. Current porosity analysis models use machine setting parameters, such as laser angle and part pose.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Rui Liu , Sen Liu , Xiaoli Zhang

Variation in the local thermal history during the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process in additive manufacturing (AM) can cause microporosity defects. in-situ sensing has been proposed to monitor the AM process to minimize defects, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Sina Malakpour Estalaki , Cody S. Lough , Robert G. Landers , Edward C. Kinzel , Tengfei Luo

Foundation models are at the forefront of an increasing number of critical applications. In regards to technologies such as additive manufacturing (AM), these models have the potential to dramatically accelerate process optimization and, in…

Uniform powder spreading is a requisite for creating consistent, high-quality components via powder bed additive manufacturing (AM), wherein layer density and uniformity are complex functions of powder characteristics, spreading kinematics,…

The technological maturity of in situ inspection and monitoring methods in additive manufacturing is steadily increasing, enabling more efficient and practical qualification procedures. In this context, image segmentation of powder bed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Stefano Raimondo , Matteo Bugatti , Marco Grasso

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process can incur defects due to melt pool instabilities, spattering, temperature increase, and powder spread anomalies. Identifying defects through in-situ monitoring typically requires collecting, storing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Shawn Hinnebusch , David Anderson , Berkay Bostan , Albert C. To

Qualification of high-performance metal components produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) must identify process-induced porous defects that reduce ductility and nucleate fatigue cracking. Detecting such defects via optical monitoring of…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-22 Ryan W. Penny , Zachery Kutschke , A. John Hart

The stochastic formation of defects during Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) negatively impacts its adoption for high-precision use cases. Optical monitoring techniques can be used to identify defects based on layer-wise imaging, but these…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Francis Ogoke , Sumesh Kalambettu Suresh , Jesse Adamczyk , Dan Bolintineanu , Anthony Garland , Michael Heiden , Amir Barati Farimani

This study presents novel predictive models using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for simulating thermal dynamics in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) processes. By developing and validating Single-Laser GNN (SL-GNN) and Multi-Laser GNN (ML-GNN)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Riddhiman Raut , Amit Kumar Ball , Amrita Basak

Significant progress has been made for assessing the influence of porosity on the performance metrics for cast components through various modeling techniques. However, a computationally efficient framework to account for porosity with…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Shiguang Deng , Carl Soderhjelm , Diran Apelian , Krishnan Suresh

Porous materials are widely used in different applications, in particular they are used to create various filters. Their quality depends on parameters that characterize the internal structure such as porosity, permeability and so on.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-18 V. Kokhan , M. Grigoriev , A. Buzmakov , V. Uvarov , A. Ingacheva , E. Shvets , M. Chukalina

Media classification and the construction of pore network models from binary images of porous media hinges on accurately characterizing the pore space. We present an efficient method for (i) locating critical points, that is, pore body and…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-12-11 Ilan Ben-Noah , Juan J. Hidalgo , Marco Dentz

Achieving desired mechanical properties in additive manufacturing requires many experiments and a well-defined design framework becomes crucial in reducing trials and conserving resources. Here, we propose a methodology embracing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Mahsa Amiri , Zahra Zanjani Foumani , Penghui Cao , Lorenzo Valdevit , Ramin Bostanabad

This study demonstrates the significant effect of the recoil pressure and Marangoni convection in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) of 316L stainless steel. A three-dimensional high fidelity powder-scale model reveals how the strong dynamical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-03-10 Saad A. Khairallah , Andrew T. Anderson , Alexander Rubenchik , Wayne E. King

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is a widely adopted additive manufacturing process for fabricating complex metallic parts layer by layer. Effective thermal management is essential to ensure part quality and structural integrity, as thermal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Yukta Pareek , Abdul Malik Al Mardhouf Al Saadi , Amrita Basak , Satadru Dey

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) holds promise to efficiently produce metal parts. However, LPBF incurs stochastic melt pool (MP) spattering, which would roughen workpiece in-process surface, thus weakening inter-layer bonding and causing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-02 Haolin Zhang , Chaitanya Krishna Prasad Vallabh , Xiayun Zhao

The presence of gas pores in metal feedstock powder for additive manufacturing greatly affects the final AM product. Since current porosity analysis often involves lengthy X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scans with a full rotation around…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Andreas Bjerregaard , David Schumacher , Jon Sporring
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