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Black-box adversarial attacks have demonstrated strong potential to compromise machine learning models by iteratively querying the target model or leveraging transferability from a local surrogate model. Recently, such attacks can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Hanbin Hong , Xinyu Zhang , Binghui Wang , Zhongjie Ba , Yuan Hong

Voice interfaces are becoming accepted widely as input methods for a diverse set of devices. This development is driven by rapid improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR), which now performs on par with human listening in many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Lea Schönherr , Katharina Kohls , Steffen Zeiler , Thorsten Holz , Dorothea Kolossa

There has been a recent surge in adversarial attacks on deep learning based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. These attacks pose new challenges to deep learning security and have raised significant concerns in deploying ASR…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Shehzeen Hussain , Paarth Neekhara , Shlomo Dubnov , Julian McAuley , Farinaz Koushanfar

We construct audio adversarial examples on automatic Speech-To-Text systems . Given any audio waveform, we produce an another by overlaying an audio vocal mask generated from the original audio. We apply our audio adversarial attack to five…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Kai Yuan Tay , Lynnette Ng , Wei Han Chua , Lucerne Loke , Danqi Ye , Melissa Chua

Robustness of huge Transformer-based models for natural language processing is an important issue due to their capabilities and wide adoption. One way to understand and improve robustness of these models is an exploration of an adversarial…

The integration of audio modality into Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) significantly expands their attack surface. Existing jailbreak paradigms predominantly treat audio as a carrier for malicious payloads, relying on semantic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yanyun Wang , Yu Huang , Zi Liang , Xixin Wu , Li Liu

Automatic Speech Recognition services (ASRs) inherit deep neural networks' vulnerabilities like crafted adversarial examples. Existing methods often suffer from low efficiency because the target phases are added to the entire audio sample,…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Yuantian Miao , Chao Chen , Lei Pan , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang

Given the extensive research and real-world applications of automatic speech recognition (ASR), ensuring the robustness of ASR models against minor input perturbations becomes a crucial consideration for maintaining their effectiveness in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-15 Xiaoxue Gao , Zexin Li , Yiming Chen , Cong Liu , Haizhou Li

Adversarial examples (AEs) are crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to inputs such that a machine-learning based classifier incorrectly labels them. They have become a severe threat to the trustworthiness of machine learning.…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Qiang Zeng , Jianhai Su , Chenglong Fu , Golam Kayas , Lannan Luo

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This paper addresses detection and defence against targeted white-box attacks on speech signals for ASR systems. While existing work has utilised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Nikolai L. Kühne , Astrid H. F. Kitchen , Marie S. Jensen , Mikkel S. L. Brøndt , Martin Gonzalez , Christophe Biscio , Zheng-Hua Tan

Adversarial attacks remain a significant threat that can jeopardize the integrity of Machine Learning (ML) models. In particular, query-based black-box attacks can generate malicious noise without having access to the victim model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jeonghwan Park , Niall McLaughlin , Ihsen Alouani

Recent work has illuminated the vulnerability of speaker recognition systems (SRSs) against adversarial attacks, raising significant security concerns in deploying SRSs. However, they considered only a few settings (e.g., some combinations…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Guangke Chen , Zhe Zhao , Fu Song , Sen Chen , Lingling Fan , Yang Liu

An automatic speech recognition (ASR) system based on a deep neural network is vulnerable to attack by an adversarial example, especially if the command-dependent ASR fails. A defense method against adversarial examples is proposed to…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Mingyu Dong , Diqun Yan , Yongkang Gong , Rangding Wang

Recent advancements in large audio-language models (LALMs) have enabled speech-based user interactions, significantly enhancing user experience and accelerating the deployment of LALMs in real-world applications. However, ensuring the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Mintong Kang , Chejian Xu , Bo Li

Adversarial audio attacks can be considered as a small perturbation unperceptive to human ears that is intentionally added to the audio signal and causes a machine learning model to make mistakes. This poses a security concern about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Mohammad Esmaeilpour , Patrick Cardinal , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich

Audio DeepFakes (DF) are artificially generated utterances created using deep learning, with the primary aim of fooling the listeners in a highly convincing manner. Their quality is sufficient to pose a severe threat in terms of security…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Piotr Kawa , Marcin Plata , Piotr Syga

A targeted adversarial attack produces audio samples that can force an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system to output attacker-chosen text. To exploit ASR models in real-world, black-box settings, an adversary can leverage the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Raphael Olivier , Hadi Abdullah , Bhiksha Raj

Machine learning systems and also, specifically, automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are vulnerable against adversarial attacks, where an attacker maliciously changes the input. In the case of ASR systems, the most interesting cases…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Sina Däubener , Lea Schönherr , Asja Fischer , Dorothea Kolossa

In this paper, we propose PhantomSound, a query-efficient black-box attack toward voice assistants. Existing black-box adversarial attacks on voice assistants either apply substitution models or leverage the intermediate model output to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Hanqing Guo , Guangjing Wang , Yuanda Wang , Bocheng Chen , Qiben Yan , Li Xiao

Audio adversarial examples are audio files that have been manipulated to fool an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system, while still sounding benign to a human listener. Most methods to generate such samples are based on a two-step…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Armin Ettenhofer , Jan-Philipp Schulze , Karla Pizzi