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Related papers: Electrostatic Waves and Electron Holes in Simulati…

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We measure the thermal electron energization in 1D and 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of quasi-perpendicular, low-beta ($\beta_p=0.25$) collisionless ion-electron shocks with mass ratio $m_i/m_e=200$, fast Mach number…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Aaron Tran , Lorenzo Sironi

Adiabatic heating of solar wind electrons at the Earth's bow shock and its foreshock region produces transversely anisotropic hot electrons that, in turn, generate intense high-frequency whistler-mode waves. These waves are often detected…

Shock waves are supersonic disturbances propagating in a fluid and giving rise to dissipation and drag. Weak shocks, i.e., those of small amplitude, can be well described within the hydrodynamic approximation. On the other hand, strong…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-24 Sergei Khlebnikov , Martin Kruczenski , Georgios Michalogiorgakis

Thermalization and heating of plasma flows at shocks result in unstable charged-particle distributions which generate a wide range of electromagnetic waves. These waves, in turn, can further accelerate and scatter energetic particles. Thus,…

Acoustic perturbations to stellar envelopes can lead to the formation of weak shock waves via nonlinear wave-steepening. Close to the stellar surface, the weak shock wave increases in strength and can potentially lead to the expulsion of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-14 Tamar Faran , Christopher D. Matzner , Eliot Quataert

The formation of unmagnetized electrostatic shock-like structures with a high Mach number is examined with one- and two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The structures are generated through the collision of two identical…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Mark E Dieckmann , Gianluca Sarri , Domenico Doria , Martin Pohl , Marco Borghesi

Thermal electrons have gyroradii many orders of magnitude smaller than the finite width of a shock, thus need to be pre-accelerated before they can cross it and be accelerated by diffusive shock acceleration. One region where…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Paul J. Morris , Artem Bohdan , Martin S. Weidl , Michelle Tsirou , Karol Fulat , Martin Pohl

The expansion of a magnetized high-pressure plasma into a low-pressure ambient medium is examined with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The magnetic field points perpendicularly to the plasma's expansion direction and binary collisions…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-09-13 Mark Eric Dieckmann , Gianluca Sarri , Domenico Doria , Anders Ynnerman , Marco Borghesi

A full particle simulation study is carried out on the electron acceleration at a collisionless, relatively low Alfven Mach number (M_A=5), perpendicular shock. Recent self-consistent hybrid shock simulations have demonstrated that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Takayuki Umeda , Masahiro Yamao , Ryo Yamazaki

We use fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations with unprecedentedly large transverse box sizes to study particle acceleration in weakly-magnetized mildly relativistic shocks traveling at a velocity $\approx 0.75c$ and a Mach number of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-10 Patrick Crumley , Damiano Caprioli , Sera Markoff , Anatoly Spitkovsky

A full particle simulation study is carried out for studying microinstabilities generated at the shock front of perpendicular collisionless shocks. The structure and dynamics of shock waves are determined by Alfven Mach number and plasma…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Takayuki Umeda , Yoshitaka Kidani , Shuichi Matsukiyo , Ryo Yamazaki

A theoretical investigation has been made to study the cylindrical and spherical electron-acoustic shock waves (EASWs) in an unmagnetized, collisionless degenerate quantum plasma system containing two distinct groups of electrons (one…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-07-25 O. Sharif

Dispersive shock waves (DSWs) are expanding nonlinear wave trains that arise when dispersion regularizes a steepening front, a phenomenon observed in fluids, plasmas, optics, and superfluids. Here we report the first experimental…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 H. McCright , I. G. Abel , I. Haber , P. G. O'Shea , B. L. Beaudoin

1. Introduction, 2. The (quasi-parallel) foreshock; Ion foreshock, Ion foreshock boundary region; Diffuse ions;Low-frequency upstream waves; Ion beam waves; The expected wave modes; Observations; Diffuse ion waves; Electron foreshock;…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-05-19 R. A. Treumann , C. H. Jaroschek

We present STEREO observations within 1500 proton gyroradii of 12 interplanetary shocks, with long-duration burst mode electric field acquisition by S/WAVES enabling observation of the evolution of waves throughout the entire ramp of…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-12-09 Z. A. Cohen , C. A. Cattell , A. W. Breneman , L. Davis , P. Grul , K. Kersten , L. B. Wilson , J. R. Wygant

Earth's bow shock is known to produce non-thermal electrons which are generally observed as a `spike' in their flux profile. Here, in this paper, we present an analysis of electron and whistler wave properties for a quasi-perpendicular…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Oka , T. Terasawa , M. Fujimoto , H. Matsui , Y. Kasaba , Y. Saito , H. Kojima , H. Matsumoto , T. Mukai

The electron beam-plasma system is ubiquitous in the space plasma environment. Here, using a Darwin particle-in-cell method, the excitation of electrostatic and whistler instabilities by a gyrating electron beam is studied in support of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Xin An , Jacob Bortnik , Bart Van Compernolle , Viktor Decyk , Richard Thorne

We present results of two-dimensional fully kinetic Particle-In-Cell simulation in order to shed light on the role of whistler waves in the scattering of strahl electrons and in the heat flux regulation in the solar wind. We model the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-11 A. Micera , A. N. Zhukov , R. A. López , M. E. Innocenti , M. Lazar , E. Boella , G. Lapenta

We investigate the mechanism of whistler-mode wave generation by shock-reflected electrons at quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks. By employing Liouville mapping to construct the electron velocity distribution function in the shock and…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Ruolin Wang , Takanobu Amano

A case of two interpenetrating, cold and quasi-neutral ion-electron plasmas is investigated with the multi-fluid approach. We consider that one plasma flows quasi-parallel to the lines of a background magnetic field embedded in another…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-19 Vladimir Zekovic