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Recently, Hyatt introduced some colored Eulerian quasisymmetric function to study the joint distribution of excedance number and major index on colored permutation groups. We show how Hyatt's generating function formula for the fixed point…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-04 Zhicong Lin

For a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$, the DP color function $P_{DP}(\mathcal{H},k)$ of $\mathcal{H}$ is an extension of the chromatic polynomial $P(\mathcal{H},k)$ with the property that $P_{DP}(\mathcal{H},k) \le P(\mathcal{H},k)$ for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Ruiyi Cui , Liangxia Wan , Fengming Dong

In the early 1940's, P.A.Smith showed that if a finite p-group G acts on a finite complex X that is mod $p$ acyclic, then its space of fixed points, X^G, will also be mod p acyclic. In their recent study of the Balmer spectrum of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Nicholas J. Kuhn , Christopher J. R. Lloyd

Divided symmetrization of a function $f(x_1,\dots,x_n)$ is symmetrization of the ratio $$DS_G(f)=\frac{f(x_1,\dots,x_n)}{\prod (x_i-x_j)},$$ where the product is taken over the set of edges of some graph $G$. We concentrate on the case when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-08 Fedor V. Petrov

Independently posed by Behzad and Vizing, the Total Coloring Conjecture asserts that the total chromatic number of a simple connected graph $G$ is either $\Delta(G)+1$ or $\Delta(G)+2$, where $\Delta(G)$ is the largest degree of any vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 I. J. Dejter

This paper presents the basic properties of chromatic derivatives and chromatic expansions and provides an appropriate motivation for introducing these notions. Chromatic derivatives are special, numerically robust linear differential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2009-07-14 Aleksandar Ignjatovic

We establish a set of recursion relations for the coefficients in the chromatic polynomial of a graph or a hypergraph. As an application we provide a generalization of Whitney's broken cycle theorem for hypergraphs, as well as deriving an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-04 Bergfinnur Durhuus , Angelo Lucia

For any connected graph $G$, let $P(G,m)$ and $P_{DP}(G,m)$ denote the chromatic polynomial and DP color function of $G$, respectively. It is known that $P_{DP}(G,m)\le P(G,m)$ holds for every positive integer $m$. Let $DP_\approx$ (resp.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-16 Meiqiao Zhang , Fengming Dong

The chromatic number $\chi((G,\sigma))$ of a signed graph $(G,\sigma)$ is the smallest number $k$ for which there is a function $c : V(G) \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_k$ such that $c(v) \not= \sigma(e) c(w)$ for every edge $e = vw$. Let…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-05 Yingli Kang , Eckhard Steffen

Fix $k \geq 3$, and let $G$ be a $k$-uniform hypergraph with maximum degree $\Delta$. Suppose that for each $l = 2, ..., k-1$, every set of l vertices of G is in at most $\Delta^{(k-l)/(k-1)}/f$ edges. Then the chromatic number of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-11 Jeff Cooper , Dhruv Mubayi

If $G$ is a $k$-chromatic graph of order $n$ then it is known that the chromatic polynomial of $G$, $\pi(G,x)$, is at most $x(x-1)\cdots (x-(k-1))x^{n-k} = (x)_{\downarrow k}x^{n-k}$ for every $x\in \mathbb{N}$. We improve here this bound…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-30 Jason Brown , Aysel Erey

Let $\mathcal{P}$ be a graph property. A $\mathcal{P}$-coloring with at most $k$ colors is a coloring of the vertices of a simple graph $G$ such that each color class induces a graph in $\mathcal{P}$. Harary polynomials are generalizations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Johann A. Makowsky

In the present paper, we introduce the concept of universal graph series. We then present four invariants of graphs and discuss some of their properties. In particular, one of these invariants is a generalization of the chromatic symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Tsuyoshi Miezaki , Akihiro Munemasa , Yusaku Nishimura , Tadashi Sakuma , Shuhei Tsujie

The main result of this paper is the introduction of marked graphs and the marked graph polynomials ($M$-polynomial) associated with them. These polynomials can be defined via a deletion-contraction operation. These polynomials are a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-25 José Aliste-Prieto , Anna de Mier , Rosa Orellana , José Zamora

The chromatic polynomial and its generalization, the chromatic symmetric function, are two important graph invariants. Celebrated theorems of Birkhoff, Whitney, and Stanley show how both objects can be expressed in three different ways: as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Bruce E. Sagan , Vincent Vatter

Given a list assignment for a graph, list packing asks for the existence of multiple pairwise disjoint list colorings of the graph. Several papers have recently appeared that study the existence of such a packing of list colorings.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock

Motivated by Stanley's generalization of the chromatic polynomial of a graph to the chromatic symmetric function, we introduce the characteristic polynomial of a representation of the symmetric group, or more generally, of a symmetric…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Jinwon Choi , Young-Hoon Kiem , Donggun Lee

In \cite{10.2140/agt.2005.5.1365}, Rong and Helme-Guizon defined a categorification for the chromatic polynomial $P_G(x)$ of graphs $G$, i.e. a homology theory $H^*(G)$ whose Euler characteristic equals $P_G(x)$. In this paper, we showed…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Zipei Zhuang

Consider the algebra Q<<x_1,x_2,...>> of formal power series in countably many noncommuting variables over the rationals. The subalgebra Pi(x_1,x_2,...) of symmetric functions in noncommuting variables consists of all elements invariant…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mercedes H. Rosas , Bruce E. Sagan

A gain graph is a graph whose edges are labelled invertibly by "gains" from a group. "Switching" is a transformation of gain graphs that generalizes conjugation in a group. A "weak chromatic function" of gain graphs with gains in a fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-26 Pascal Berthome , Raul Cordovil , David Forge , Veronique Ventos , Thomas Zaslavsky