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Transformers have revolutionized image modeling tasks with adaptations like DeIT, Swin, SVT, Biformer, STVit, and FDVIT. However, these models often face challenges with inductive bias and high quadratic complexity, making them less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Badri N. Patro , Suhas Ranganath , Vinay P. Namboodiri , Vijay S. Agneeswaran

Prior efforts in light-weight model development mainly centered on CNN and Transformer-based designs yet faced persistent challenges. CNNs adept at local feature extraction compromise resolution while Transformers offer global reach but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xiaohuan Pei , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

State Space Models (SSMs)-most notably RNNs-have historically played a central role in sequential modeling. Although attention mechanisms such as Transformers have since dominated due to their ability to model global context, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hyun-kyu Ko , Youbin Kim , Jihyeon Park , Dongheok Park , Gyeongjin Kang , Wonjun Cho , Hyung Yi , Eunbyung Park

Image restoration endeavors to reconstruct a high-quality, detail-rich image from a degraded counterpart, which is a pivotal process in photography and various computer vision systems. In real-world scenarios, different types of degradation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yuhong He , Long Peng , Qiaosi Yi , Chen Wu , Lu Wang

Transformers have widely adopted attention networks for sequence mixing and MLPs for channel mixing, playing a pivotal role in achieving breakthroughs across domains. However, recent literature highlights issues with attention networks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Badri N. Patro , Vijay S. Agneeswaran

As automation advances in manufacturing, the demand for precise and sophisticated defect detection technologies grows. Existing vision models for defect recognition methods are insufficient for handling the complexities and variations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Qianning Wang , He Hu , Yucheng Zhou

Underwater images often suffer from severe degradation, such as color distortion, low contrast, and blurred details, due to light absorption and scattering in water. While learning-based methods like CNNs and Transformers have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tejeswar Pokuri , Shivarth Rai

Cross-modality fusing complementary information from different modalities effectively improves object detection performance, making it more useful and robust for a wider range of applications. Existing fusion strategies combine different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Wenhao Dong , Haodong Zhu , Shaohui Lin , Xiaoyan Luo , Yunhang Shen , Xuhui Liu , Juan Zhang , Guodong Guo , Baochang Zhang

Mamba has garnered widespread attention due to its flexible design and efficient hardware performance to process 1D sequences based on the state space model (SSM). Recent studies have attempted to apply Mamba to the visual domain by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chengkun Wang , Wenzhao Zheng , Yuanhui Huang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Motor imagery (MI) classification is key for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Until recent years, numerous models had been proposed, ranging from classical algorithms like Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) to deep learning models such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Xiaoxiao Yang , Ziyu Jia

Diffusion Models have become very popular for Semantic Image Synthesis (SIS) of human faces. Nevertheless, their training and inference is computationally expensive and their computational requirements are high due to the quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Filippo Botti , Alex Ergasti , Tomaso Fontanini , Claudio Ferrari , Massimo Bertozzi , Andrea Prati

State-space models (SSMs) offer a promising architecture for sequence modeling, providing an alternative to Transformers by replacing expensive self-attention with linear recurrences. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective trick…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Woomin Song , Jihoon Tack , Sangwoo Mo , Seunghyuk Oh , Jinwoo Shin

We propose a heterogeneous graph mamba network (HGMN) as the first exploration in leveraging the selective state space models (SSSMs) for heterogeneous graph learning. Compared with the literature, our HGMN overcomes two major challenges:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Zhenyu Pan , Yoonsung Jeong , Xiaoda Liu , Han Liu

State space models (SSMs) have emerged as an efficient alternative to Transformer models for language modeling, offering linear computational complexity and constant memory usage as context length increases. However, despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhifan Ye , Kejing Xia , Yonggan Fu , Xin Dong , Jihoon Hong , Xiangchi Yuan , Shizhe Diao , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov , Yingyan Celine Lin

Transformer-based methods have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in 3D semantic segmentation through their powerful attention mechanisms, but the quadratic complexity limits their modeling of long-range dependencies in large-scale point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Xinyu Wang , Jinghua Hou , Zhe Liu , Yingying Zhu

In recent years, Transformers have become the de-facto architecture for sequence modeling on text and a variety of multi-dimensional data, such as images and video. However, the use of self-attention layers in a Transformer incurs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Shufan Li , Harkanwar Singh , Aditya Grover

We present a generative framework for inverse design of five-layer transmissive Huygens' metasurfaces (HMSs), addressing a longstanding challenge in achieving full-phase, high-efficiency unit cell designs with minimal full-wave simulations.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Natanel Nissan , Sherman W. Marcus , Dan Raviv , Raja Giryes , Ariel Epstein

Video anomaly detection (VAD) has been extensively researched due to its potential for intelligent video systems. However, most existing methods based on CNNs and transformers still suffer from substantial computational burdens and have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhangxun Li , Mengyang Zhao , Xuan Yang , Yang Liu , Jiamu Sheng , Xinhua Zeng , Tian Wang , Kewei Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Attention mechanisms have been widely used to capture long-range dependencies among nodes in Graph Transformers. Bottlenecked by the quadratic computational cost, attention mechanisms fail to scale in large graphs. Recent improvements in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Chloe Wang , Oleksii Tsepa , Jun Ma , Bo Wang

Image shadow removal is a typical low-level vision task. Shadows cause local brightness shifts, which reduce the performance of downstream vision tasks. Currently, Transformer-based shadow removal methods suffer from quadratic computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Xiujin Zhu , Chee-Onn Chow , Joon Huang Chuah