Related papers: Diophantine Approximation with Piatetski-Shapiro P…

Let $f$ be a primitive positive definite integral binary quadratic form of discriminant $-D$ and let $\pi_f(x)$ be the number of primes up to $x$ which are represented by $f$. We prove several types of upper bounds for $\pi_f(x)$ within a…

By applying inter-universal Teichm\"uller theory and its slight modification over the rational number field, we prove new Diophantine results towards effective abc inequalities and the generalized Fermat equations. For coprime integers $a,…

A positive quadratic form is $(k,\ell)$-universal if it represents all the numbers $kx+\ell$ where $x$ is a non-negative integer, and almost $(k,\ell)$-universal if it represents all but finitely many of them. We prove that for any $k,\ell$…

The existence of infinitely many consecutive prime triples $p_n$, $ p_{n+1}$, and $p_{n+2}$ as $n \to \infty$, is sufficient to prove that the Catalan constant $\beta(2)=0.9159655941\ldots $ is an irrational number. This note provides the…

Infinite exponential sequences of distinct prime numbers of the form $\lfloor a c^{n^d}+b\rfloor$, $n\geq 0$, are proved to exist for well chosen real constants $a>0$, $b$, $c>1$, $d>1$, assuming Cramer's conjecture on prime gaps. There is…

We prove that there exist infinitely many rationals a, b and c with the property that a^2-1, b^2-1, c^2-1, ab-1, ac-1 and bc-1 are all perfect squares. This provides a solution to a variant of the problem studied by Diophantus and Euler.

A Toda prime of an integer $n$ is an odd prime $p$ such that $4n=(p-1)k$ with $k$ coprime to $p$. We conjecture that every positive integer admits at least two Toda primes. We give a partial proof that every positive integer admits at least…

In this paper we obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of $\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$-equivalence classes of positive definite binary quadratic forms over $\bZ$ having bounded discriminant $\Delta = 1-4p$, with $p$ a prime. We…

We show that there exists some $\delta > 0$ such that, for any set of integers $B$ with $B\cap[1,Y]\gg Y^{1-\delta}$ for all $Y \gg 1$, there are infinitely many primes of the form $a^2+b^2$ with $b\in B$. We prove a quasi-explicit formula…

Let $\alpha$ be a fixed quadratic irrational. Consider the Diophantine equation \[ y^a\ =\ q_{N_1} + \cdots + q_{N_K},\quad N_1 \geq \cdots \geq N_{K} \geq 0,\quad a, y \geq 2 \] where $(q_N)_{N\,\geq\,0}$ is the sequence of convergent…

Let $Q$ be a positive-definite quaternary quadratic form with prime discriminant. We give an explicit lower bound on the number of representations of a positive integer $n$ by $Q$. This problem is connected with deriving an upper bound on…

We estimate the number of primes represented by a general quadratic polynomial with discriminant $\Delta$, assuming that the corresponding real character is exceptional.

We prove a theorem about approximation to an irrational number by rational numbers whose denominator n is free of prime factors bigger than a power of log n. We strengthen the result in version 1 by using an exponential sum over smooth…

For a prime number $p \geq 5$, we explicitly construct a family of imaginary quadratic fields $K$ with ideal class groups $Cl_{K}$ having $p$-rank ${{\rm{rk}}_{p}(Cl_{K})}$ at least $2$. We also quantitatively prove, under the assumption of…

The continued fraction expansion of an irrational number $\alpha$ is eventually periodic if and only if $\alpha$ is a quadratic irrationality. However, very little is known regarding the size of the partial quotients of algebraic real…

It is proven that, in any given base, there are infinitely many palindromic numbers having at most six prime divisors, each relatively large. The work involves equidistribution estimates for the palindromes in residue classes to large…

A classical problem in analytic number theory is to study the distribution of fractional part $\alpha p^k+\beta,\,k\ge 1$ modulo 1, where $\alpha$ is irrational and $p$ runs over the set of primes. For $k=2$ we consider the subsequence…

We show that for infinitely many square-free integers q there exist infinitely many triples of rational numbers {a, b, c} such that a^2 + q, b^2 + q, c^2 + q, ab + q, ac + q and bc + q are squares of rational numbers.

Let $p$ be a prime number, and $h$ a positive integer such that $\gcd(p,h)=1$. We prove, without invoking Dirichlet's theorem, that the arithmetic progression $p\left(\mathbf{N}\cup \{0\}\right)+h$ contains infinitely many prime numbers.…

An equation to compute the dp-rank of any abelian group is given. It is also shown that its dp-rank, or more generally that of any one-based group, agrees with its Vapnik-Chervonenkis density. Furthermore, strong abelian groups are…