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The topological classification of energy bands has laid the groundwork for the discovery of various topological phases of matter in recent decades. While this classification has traditionally focused on real-energy bands, recent studies…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Yang Long , Haoran Xue , Baile Zhang

The non-Hermitian skin effect, as a unique feature of non-Hermitian systems, will break the topological energy braiding of the Bloch bands in open boundary systems. Going beyond the Bloch band theory, we unveil the energy braiding of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-10-20 Yang Li , Xiang Ji , Yuanping Chen , Xiaohong Yan , Xiaosen Yang

Machine learning (ML) is shaping our exploration of topological matter, whose existence is inherently tied to the geometry of quantum states or energy spectra. In non-Hermitian systems, distinctive spectral geometry can lead to topological…

We present a study of complex energy braiding in a 1D non-Hermitian system with $n$th order long range asymmetrical coupling. Our work highlights the emergence of novel topological phenomena in such systems beyond the conventional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 S. M. Rafi-Ul-Islam , Zhuo Bin Siu , Md. Saddam Hossain Razo , Mansoor B. A. Jalil

Non-Hermitian topological phases have gained widespread interest due to their unconventional properties, which have no Hermitian counterparts. In this work, we propose to use machine learning to identify and predict non-Hermitian…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-02-11 Brajesh Narayan , Awadhesh Narayan

The study of topological properties by machine learning approaches has attracted considerable interest recently. Here we propose machine learning the topological invariants that are unique in non-Hermitian systems. Specifically, we train…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Ling-Feng Zhang , Ling-Zhi Tang , Zhi-Hao Huang , Guo-Qing Zhang , Wei Huang , Dan-Wei Zhang

Topological features embedded in ancient braiding and knotting arts endow significant impacts on our daily life and even cutting-edge science. Recently, fast growing efforts are invested to the braiding topology of complex Bloch bands in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Qicheng Zhang , Yitong Li , Huanfa Sun , Xun Liu , Luekai Zhao , Xiling Feng , Xiying Fan , Chunyin Qiu

Non-Hermitian topological phases bear a number of exotic properties, such as the non-Hermitian skin effect and the breakdown of conventional bulk-boundary correspondence. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised machine learning approach…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Li-Wei Yu , Dong-Ling Deng

The complex energy bands of non-Hermitian systems braid in momentum space even in one dimension. Here, we reveal that the non-Hermitian braiding underlies the Hermitian topological physics with chiral symmetry under a general framework that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-10-09 W. B. Rui , Y. X. Zhao , Z. D. Wang

There has been much recent interest and progress on topological structures of the non-Hermitian Bloch bands. Here, we study the topological structures of non-Bloch bands of non-Hermitian multiband quantum systems under open boundary…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 Yongxu Fu , Yi Zhang

We proposed a framework for the topological classification of non-Hermitian systems. Different from previous $K$-theoretical approaches, our approach is a homotopy classification, which enables us to see more topological invariants.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-09 Zhi Li , Roger S. K. Mong

The study of topological bandstructures is an active area of research in condensed matter physics and beyond. Here, we combine recent progress in this field with developments in machine-learning, another rising topic of interest.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-03 Mathias S. Scheurer , Robert-Jan Slager

The non-Bloch band theory can describe energy bands in a one-dimensional (1D) non-Hermitian system. On the other hand, whether the non-Bloch band theory can be extended to higher-dimensional non-Hermitian systems is nontrivial. In this…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Kazuki Yokomizo , Shuichi Murakami

Real-valued band structures are foundational to analyzing periodic systems within the Hermitian description and have been experimentally well-established over recent decades. In contrast, non-Hermitian systems exhibit complex band…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Jia-Xin Zhong , Jing Lin , Kai Chen , Jing Lu , Kun Ding , Yun Jing

The recent advances in machine learning algorithms have boosted the application of these techniques to the field of condensed matter physics, in order e.g. to classify the phases of matter at equilibrium or to predict the real-time dynamics…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-03-16 Simone Tibaldi , Giuseppe Magnifico , Davide Vodola , Elisa Ercolessi

We employ a convolutional neural network to explore the distinct phases in random spin systems with the aim to understand the specific features that the neural network chooses to identify the phases. With the energy spectrum normalized to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-07-24 Rubah Kausar , Wen-Jia Rao , Xin Wan

In spatially periodic Hermitian systems, such as electronic systems in crystals, the band structure is described by the band theory in terms of the Bloch wave functions, which reproduce energy levels for large systems with open boundaries.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Kazuki Yokomizo , Shuichi Murakami

We develop the topological band theory for systems described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, whose energy spectra are generally complex. After generalizing the notion of gapped band structures to the non-Hermitian case, we classify "gapped"…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 Huitao Shen , Bo Zhen , Liang Fu

Braiding has attracted significant attention in physics because of its important role in describing the fundamental exchange of particles. Infusing the braiding with topological protection will make it robust against imperfections and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Xiao-Ming Wang , Jiaying Xu , Xulong Wang , Zhen Li , Guancong Ma

In this paper, we review our non-Bloch band theory in one-dimensional non-Hermitian tight-binding systems. In our theory, it is shown that in non-Hermitian systems, the Brillouin zone is determined so as to reproduce continuum energy bands…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-26 Kazuki Yokomizo , Shuichi Murakami
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