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We empirically analyze five online communities: Friendster, Livejournal, Facebook, Orkut, Myspace, to identify causes for the decline of social networks. We define social resilience as the ability of a community to withstand changes. We do…
Community-aware centrality is an emerging research area in network science concerned with the importance of nodes in relation to community structure. Measures are a function of a network's structure and a given partition. Previous…
Reinforcement learning has received significant interest in recent years, due primarily to the successes of deep reinforcement learning at solving many challenging tasks such as playing Chess, Go and online computer games. However, with the…
It is of growing concern to ensure the resilience in electricity infrastructure systems to extreme weather events with the help of appropriate hardening measures and new operational procedures. An effective mitigation strategy requires a…
Given the rapid evolution of threats to cyber systems, new management approaches are needed that address risk across all interdependent domains (i.e., physical, information, cognitive, and social) of cyber systems. Further, the traditional…
Sustainability aspects of transportation infrastructure systems primarily focus on system performance based on environmental, social, and economic impacts. In contrast, resilience aspects demonstrate the ability to withstand external shocks…
A common problem in risk analysis is to characterize the overall security of a system of valuable assets (e.g., government buildings or communication hubs), and to suggest measures to mitigate any hazards or security threats. Currently,…
There are many scales at which to quantify stability in spatial and ecological networks. Local-scale analyses focus on specific nodes of the spatial network, while regional-scale analyses consider the whole network. Similarly, species- and…
Diverse sociocultural influences in rapidly growing dense urban areas may induce strain on civil services and reduce the resilience of those areas to exogenous and endogenous shocks. We present a novel approach with foundations in computer…
Metrics and frameworks to quantifiably assess security measures have arisen from needs of three distinct research communities - statistical measures from the intrusion detection and prevention literature, evaluation of cyber exercises,…
AI is displacing tasks, mediating high-stakes decisions, and flooding communication with synthetic content, unsettling work, identity, and social trust. We argue that the decisive human countermeasure is resilience. We define resilience…
Measuring the vulnerability of communities in complex network has become an important topic in the research of complex system. Numerous existing vulnerability measures have been proposed to solve such problems, however, most of these…
Online communities develop unique characteristics, establish social norms, and exhibit distinct dynamics among their members. Activity in online communities often results in concrete ``off-line'' actions with a broad societal impact (e.g.,…
Comparable to the traditional notion of stability in system dynamics, resilience is typically measured in a way that assesses the quality of a system's response, for example the speed of its recovery. We present a broadly applicable…
In this paper we criticize the robustness measure traditionally employed to assess the performance of machine learning models deployed in adversarial settings. To mitigate the limitations of robustness, we introduce a new measure called…
Our societies are increasingly dependent on services supplied by computers & their software. New technology only exacerbates this dependence by increasing the number, performance, and degree of autonomy and inter-connectivity of…
Community structure analysis is a powerful tool for social networks, which can simplify their topological and functional analysis considerably. However, since community detection methods have random factors and real social networks obtained…
Cyber resilience is the ability of a system to recover from an attack with minimal impact on system operations. However, characterizing a network's resilience under a cyber attack is challenging, as there are no formal definitions of…
This article explains the distinctions between robustness and resilience in control systems. Resilience confronts a distinct set of challenges, posing new ones for designing controllers for feedback systems, networks, and machines that…
Resilience curves have been the primary approach for conceptualizing and representing the resilience behavior of communities during hazard events; however, the use of resilience curves has remained as a mere conceptual and visual tool with…