Related papers: On the intimate association between even binary pa…
We developed an algorithm that easily goes from one odd number to the next odd number in binary representation for the reduced forward Collatz map (Syracuse function). The algorithm indicates when an odd number can grow or shrink to the…
Inspired by OEIS sequence A377912, which consists of the nonnegative integers in which every even digit (except possibly the last) is immediately followed by a strictly larger digit, we define even-up and odd-up words over an alphabet of…
We introduce a new strategy in solving the truncated complex moment problem. To this aim we investigate recursive doubly indexed sequences and their characteristic polynomials. A characterization of recursive doubly indexed \emph{moment}…
It is well known that the Collatz Conjecture can be reinterpreted as the Collatz Graph with root vertex 1, asking whether all positive integers are within the tree generated. It is further known that any cycle in the Collatz Graph can be…
The Collatz graph is a directed graph with natural number nodes and where there is an edge from node $x$ to node $T(x)=T_0(x)=x/2$ if $x$ is even, or to node $T(x)=T_1(x)=\frac{3x+1}{2}$ if $x$ is odd. Studying the Collatz graph in binary…
We implement a decision procedure for answering questions about a class of infinite words that might be called (for lack of a better name) "Fibonacci-automatic". This class includes, for example, the famous Fibonacci word f = 01001010...,…
In this paper, we consider the one-to-one correspondence between a 2-adic integer and its parity sequence under iteration of the so-called "3x+1" map. First, we prove a new formula for the inverse transform. Next, we briefly review what is…
It is well known that the repeated square and multiply algorithm is an efficient way of modular exponentiation. The obvious question to ask is if this algorithm has an inverse which would calculate the discrete logarithm efficiently. The…
We study growth rates of generalised Fibonacci sequences of a particular structure. These sequences are constructed from choosing two real numbers for the first two terms and always having the next term be either the sum or the difference…
We study the regularity of the interface between the disjoint supports of a pair of nonnegative subharmonic functions. The portion of the interface where the Alt-Caffarelli-Friedman (ACF) monotonicity formula is asymptotically positive…
We consider a class of linear programs on graphs with total variation regularization and a budgetary constraint. For these programs, we give a characterization of basic solutions in terms of rooted spanning forests with orientation on the…
This paper introduces prime holdout problems, a problem class related to the Collatz conjecture. After applying a linear function, instead of removing a finite set of prime factors, a holdout problem specifies a set of primes to be…
The article deals with iterative methods of solving linear operator equations $x = Bx + f$ and $Ax = f$ with self-adjoint operators in Hilbert space $X$ in critical case when $\rho(B) = 1$ and $0 \in {\rm Sp}\, A$. The main results are…
The \textit{Collatz's conjecture} is an unsolved problem in mathematics. It is named after Lothar Collatz in 1973. The conjecture also known as Syrucuse conjecture or problem. Take any positive integer $ n $. If $ n $ is even then divide it…
The paper proposes a novel hybrid method for solving equilibrium problems and fixed point problems. By constructing specially cutting-halfspaces, in this algorithm, only an optimization program is solved at each iteration without the…
We show an iterated function of which iterates oscillate wildly and grow at a dizzying pace. We conjecture that the orbit of arbitrary positive integer always returns to 1, as in the case of Collatz function. The conjecture is supported by…
We explore the Collatz conjecture and its variants through the lens of termination of string rewriting. We construct a rewriting system that simulates the iterated application of the Collatz function on strings corresponding to mixed…
We study the set of finite words with zero palindromic defect, i.e., words rich in palindromes. This set is factorial, but not recurrent. We focus on description of pairs of rich words which cannot occur simultaneously as factors of a…
Given a symmetric exchange of three intervals, we provide a detailed description of the return times to a subinterval and the corresponding itineraries. We apply our results to morphisms fixing words coding non-degenerate three interval…
We analyze the stopping-time and cycle structure of the normalized Collatz iteration. Using a recursive description of admissible binary sequences, we show that every integer $m \equiv 3 \pmod{4}$ arises uniquely and derive new bounds for…