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Quantum performance simulators can provide practical metrics for the effectiveness of executing theoretical quantum information processing protocols on physical hardware. In this work we present a scheme to simulate the performance of fault…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-05 Andre Van Rynbach , Ahsan Muhammad , Abhijit C. Mehta , Jeffrey Hussmann , Jungsang Kim

While recent progress in quantum hardware open the door for significant speedup in certain key areas, quantum algorithms are still hard to implement right, and the validation of such quantum programs is a challenge. Early attempts either…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Christophe Chareton , Sébastien Bardin , François Bobot , Valentin Perrelle , Benoit Valiron

Practical quantum computing is rapidly becoming a reality. To harness quantum computers' real potential in software applications, one needs to have an in-depth understanding of all such characteristics of quantum computing platforms (QCPs),…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Balwinder Sodhi , Ritu Kapur

This paper presents the benchmark score definitions of QPack, an application-oriented cross-platform benchmarking suite for quantum computers and simulators, which makes use of scalable Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Huub Donkers , Koen Mesman , Zaid Al-Ars , Matthias Möller

Quantum computers are poised to radically outperform their classical counterparts by manipulating coherent quantum systems. A realistic quantum computer will experience errors due to the environment and imperfect control. When these errors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-21 Joel J. Wallman , Joseph Emerson

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

We initiate the study of quantum Interactive Oracle Proofs (qIOPs), a generalization of both quantum Probabilistically Checkable Proofs and quantum Interactive Proofs, as well as a quantum analogue of classical Interactive Oracle Proofs. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Baocheng Sun , Thomas Vidick

Quantum computing platforms are susceptible to quantum-specific bugs (e.g., incorrect ordering of qubits or incorrect implementation of quantum abstractions), which are difficult to detect and require specialized expertise. The field faces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Matteo Paltenghi , Michael Pradel

Measuring the state of quantum computers is a highly non-trivial task, with implications for virtually all quantum algorithms. We propose a novel scheme where identical copies of a quantum state are measured jointly so that all Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Rick P. A. Simon , Zheng Shi , Charlie Nation , Andrew Jena , Luca Dellantonio

In the evolving landscape of quantum computing, determining the most efficient parameters for Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is paramount. Various quantum computers possess varied types and amounts of physical noise. Traditionally,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Avimita Chatterjee , Debarshi Kundu , Swaroop Ghosh

As quantum technology advances, quantum simulation becomes increasingly promising, with significant implications for quantum many-body physics and quantum chemistry. Despite being one of the most accessible simulation methods, the product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Wenjun Yu , Jue Xu , Qi Zhao

Accurately estimating observables on noisy quantum devices remains a central challenge for near-term quantum algorithms. While quantum error mitigation techniques can reduce noise-induced bias, they often rely on unverifiable assumptions…

Characterizing large quantum systems with minimal assumptions is a central challenge in quantum information science. Self-testing provides the strongest form of certification by identifying the underlying quantum state solely from observed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Jinchang Liu , Elias X. Huber , Zhenyu Du , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

The precision and sensitivity achievable in quantum metrology are often compromised by the presence of noise. While quantum error correction has emerged as a promising strategy, it is ineffective in addressing noise that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Xiaodie Lin , Linxuan Li , Haidong Yuan

The main ideas of quantum error correction are introduced. These are encoding, extraction of syndromes, error operators, and code construction. It is shown that general noise and relaxation of a set of 2-state quantum systems can always be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. M. Steane

We present a modular error mitigation protocol for running $\mathsf{BQP}$ computations on a quantum computer with time-dependent noise. Utilising existing tools from quantum verification and measurement-based quantum computation, our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Joseph Harris , Elham Kashefi

As quantum computers become available to the general public, the need has arisen to train a cohort of quantum programmers, many of whom have been developing classical computer programs for most of their careers. While currently available…

As the practical Quantum Computing Platforms (QCPs) rapidly become a reality, it is desirable to harness their true potential in software applications. Thus it becomes important to determine the implications of QCPs for software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Balwinder Sodhi

We calculate the fidelity with which an arbitrary state can be encoded into a [7,1,3] CSS quantum error correction code in a non-equiprobable Pauli operator error environment with the goal of determining whether this encoding can be used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-19 Sidney D. Buchbinder , Channing L. Huang , Yaakov S. Weinstein

The widely held belief that BQP strictly contains BPP raises fundamental questions: Upcoming generations of quantum computers might already be too large to be simulated classically. Is it possible to experimentally test that these systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-18 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or , Elad Eban
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