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Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) is a popular sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm for nonlinear systems. It optimizes trajectories by sampling control sequences and averaging them. However, a key issue with MPPI is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Edvin Martin Andrejev , Amith Manoharan , Karl-Eerik Unt , Arun Kumar Singh

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a sampling-based optimization method that has recently attracted attention, particularly in the robotics and reinforcement learning communities. MPPI has been widely applied as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Hannes Homburger , Katrin Baumgärtner , Moritz Diehl , Johannes Reuter

This paper presents a novel Stochastic Optimal Control (SOC) method based on Model Predictive Path Integral control (MPPI), named Stein Variational Guided MPPI (SVG-MPPI), designed to handle rapidly shifting multimodal optimal action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Kohei Honda , Naoki Akai , Kosuke Suzuki , Mizuho Aoki , Hirotaka Hosogaya , Hiroyuki Okuda , Tatsuya Suzuki

In this paper, we open up new avenues for visual servoing systems built upon the Path Integral (PI) optimal control theory, in which the non-linear partial differential equation (PDE) can be transformed into an expectation over all possible…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Ihab S. Mohamed

We generalize the derivation of model predictive path integral control (MPPI) to allow for a single joint distribution across controls in the control sequence. This reformation allows for the implementation of adaptive importance sampling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-02 Dylan M. Asmar , Ransalu Senanayake , Shawn Manuel , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

We present a sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) method that implements Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) as an \emph{Ising machine}, suitable for novel forms of probabilistic computing. By expressing the control problem as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Lorin Werthen-Brabants , Pieter Simoens

This paper is concerned with the error analysis of two types of sampling algorithms, namely model predictive path integral (MPPI) and an interacting particle system (\IPS) algorithm, that have been proposed in the literature for numerical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Anant A. Joshi , Amirhossein Taghvaei , Prashant G. Mehta

Model predictive path integral (MPPI) is a sampling-based method for solving complex model predictive control (MPC) problems, but its real-time implementation faces two key challenges: the computational cost and sample requirements grow…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-03 Viet-Anh Le , Renukanandan Tumu , Rahul Mangharam

Motion planning for autonomous robots in dynamic environments poses numerous challenges due to uncertainties in the robot's dynamics and interaction with other agents. Sampling-based MPC approaches, such as Model Predictive Path Integral…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Elia Trevisan , Javier Alonso-Mora

Stochastic model-predictive control (SMPC) has evolved to a powerful framework for the control of stochastic dynamical systems. SMPC utilizes a probabilistic uncertainty description to provide a systematic trade-off between the control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Bendegúz Györök , Roland Tóth , Maarten Schoukens , Tamás Péni

Classical proportional--integral--derivative (PID) control is widely employed in industrial applications; however, achieving higher performance often motivates the adoption of model predictive control (MPC). Although gradient-based methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Teruki Kato , Koshi Oishi , Seigo Ito

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a widely used sampling-based approach for real-time control, valued for its flexibility in handling arbitrary dynamics and cost functions. However, it often suffers from high-frequency noise…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Piotr Kicki

We present a sampling-based control approach that can generate smooth actions for general nonlinear systems without external smoothing algorithms. Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has been utilized in numerous robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Taekyung Kim , Gyuhyun Park , Kiho Kwak , Jihwan Bae , Wonsuk Lee

Many safety-critical control systems must operate under latent uncertainty that sensors cannot directly resolve at decision time. Such uncertainty, arising from unknown physical properties, exogenous disturbances, or unobserved environment…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Clinton Enwerem , John S. Baras , Calin Belta

This paper introduces a control architecture for real-time and onboard control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in environments with obstacles using the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) methodology. MPPI allows the use of the full…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Michal Minarik , Robert Penicka , Vojtech Vonasek , Martin Saska

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a widely used sampling-based method for trajectory optimization, yet its convergence properties remain only partially understood. This paper provides a direct convergence analysis using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Mahyar Fazlyab , Sina Sharifi , Jiarui Wang

We propose a stochastic model predictive control (MPC) framework for linear systems subject to joint-in-time chance constraints under unknown disturbance distributions. Unlike existing approaches that rely on parametric or Gaussian…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Lukas Vogel , Andrea Carron , Eleftherios E. Vlahakis , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

This paper introduces a method for Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control that optimizes sample generation towards an optimal trajectory through Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD). MPPI relies upon predictive rollout of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Jace Aldrich , Odest Chadwicke Jenkins

This paper considers optimal control of dynamical systems which are represented by nonlinear stochastic differential equations. It is well-known that the optimal control policy for this problem can be obtained as a function of a value…

Robotics · Computer Science 2014-05-30 Oktay Arslan , Evangelos Theodorou , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Sampling-based controllers, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) methods, offer substantial flexibility but often suffer from high variance and low sample efficiency. To address these challenges, we introduce a hybrid…