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In this work, we design and analyze semi/fully-discrete virtual element approximations for the time-dependent Navier--Stokes-Cahn--Hilliard equations, modeling the dynamics of two-phase incompressible fluid flows with diffuse interfaces. A…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Alberth Silgado , Giuseppe Vacca

We prove the convergence of certain second-order numerical methods to weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations satisfying in addition the local energy inequality, and therefore suitable in the sense of Scheffer and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-02 Luigi C. Berselli , Stefano Spirito

Dimensional analysis (DA) pays attention to fundamental physical dimensions such as length and mass when modelling scientific and engineering systems. It goes back at least a century to Buckingham's Pi theorem, which characterizes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 G. Alexi Rodriguez-Arelis , William J. Welch

Data assimilation (DA) addresses the problem of sequentially estimating the state of a dynamical system from noisy and incomplete observations. In this work, we employ a diffusion model as a world model to simulate and predict the system's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Lifu Wei , Yinuo Ren , Naichen Shi , Yiping Lu

This paper considers the ill-posed data assimilation problem associated with hyperbolic/parabolic systems describing 2D coupled sound and heat flow. Given hypothetical data at time T > 0, that may not correspond to an actual solution of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Alfred S. Carasso

This paper considers a class of real-time stochastic optimization problems dependent on an unknown probability distribution. In the considered scenario, data is streaming frequently while trying to reach a decision. Thus, we aim to devise a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Dan Li , Sonia Martinez

Increasing the resolution of a model can improve the performance of a data assimilation system: first because model field are in better agreement with high resolution observations, then the corrections are better sustained and, with…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Sébastien Barthélémy , Julien Brajard , Laurent Bertino , François Counillon

Computable estimates for the error of finite element discretisations of parabolic problems in the $L^\infty(0,T; L^2)$ norm are developed, which exhibit constant effectivities (the ratio of the estimated error to the true error) with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-09 Oliver J. Sutton

We consider a numerical approximation of a linear quadratic control problem constrained by the stochastic heat equation with non-homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. This involves a combination of distributed and boundary control, as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Peter Benner , Tony Stillfjord , Christoph Trautwein

A functional Bernstein - von Mises theorem is proved for posterior measures arising in a data assimilation problem with the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation where a Gaussian process prior is assigned to the initial condition of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Dimitri Konen , Richard Nickl

The forecasting skill of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models critically depends on the accurate initial conditions, also known as analysis, provided by data assimilation (DA). Traditional DA methods often face a trade-off between…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Yanfei Xiang , Weixin Jin , Haiyu Dong , Mingliang Bai , Zuliang Fang , Pengcheng Zhao , Hongyu Sun , Kit Thambiratnam , Qi Zhang , Xiaomeng Huang

In this paper we introduce a novel certified shape optimization strategy - named Certified Descent Algorithm (CDA) - to account for the numerical error introduced by the Finite Element approximation of the shape gradient. We present a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-28 Matteo Giacomini , Olivier Pantz , Karim Trabelsi

In this study, we explore data assimilation for the Stochastic Camassa-Holm equation through the application of the particle filtering framework. Specifically, our approach integrates adaptive tempering, jittering, and nudging techniques to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-13 Colin John Cotter , Dan Crisan , Maneesh Kumar Singh

This paper is concerned with the recovery of (approximate) solutions to parabolic problems from incomplete and possibly inconsistent observational data, given on a time-space cylinder that is a strict subset of the computational domain…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Wolfgang Dahmen , Rob Stevenson , Jan Westerdiep

Dataset distillation (DD) aims to construct compact synthetic datasets that allow models to achieve comparable performance to full-data training while substantially reducing storage and computation. Despite rapid empirical progress, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Zhengquan Luo , Zhiqiang Xu

In this work, we investigate a system of interacting particles governed by a set of stochastic differential equations. Our main goal is to rigorously demonstrate that the empirical measure associated with the particle system converges…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Filippo Giovagnini , Dan Crisan

This study assesses a Continuous Data Assimilation (CDA) dynamical-downscaling algorithm for enhancing the simulation of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) system. CDA is a mathematically rigorous technique that has been recently introduced to…

Data assimilation addresses the problem of identifying plausible state trajectories of dynamical systems given noisy or incomplete observations. In geosciences, it presents challenges due to the high-dimensionality of geophysical dynamical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-03 François Rozet , Gilles Louppe

A posteriori estimates for mixed finite element discretizations of the Navier-Stokes equations are derived. We show that the task of estimating the error in the evolutionary Navier-Stokes equations can be reduced to the estimation of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-12-23 Javier de Frutos , Bosco García-Archilla , Julia Novo

We establish sharp energy decay rates for a large class of nonlinearly first-order damped systems, and we design discretization schemes that inherit of the same energy decay rates, uniformly with respect to the space and/or time…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-12-17 Fatiha Alabau-Boussouira , Yannick Privat , Emmanuel Trélat