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In this paper we propose a continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for a two-dimensional B\'enard convection problem. Specifically we consider the two-dimensional Boussinesq system of a layer of incompressible fluid between two…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-02-01 Aseel Farhat , Evelyn Lunasin , Edriss S. Titi

We apply a continuous data assimilation method to the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system governing the evolution of a compressible, rotating and thermally driven fluid. A rigorous proof of the tracking property is given in the asymptotic regime…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Eduard Feireisl , Wladimir Neves

Data assimilation (DA) is a fundamental computational technique that integrates numerical simulation models and observation data on the basis of Bayesian statistics. Originally developed for meteorology, especially weather forecasting, DA…

In this paper we analyze a finite element method applied to a continuous downscaling data assimilation algorithm for the numerical approximation of the two and three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations corresponding to given measurements on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-05 García-Archilla , Julia Novo , Edriss S. Titi

In this paper, we study analytically the long-time behavior of three-dimensional Brinkman-Forchheimer-extended Darcy model, in the context that the parameters related to the damping nonlinear term are unknown. This work is inspired by the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-10-21 Débora A. F. Albanez , Maicon J. Benvenutti

This paper improves the spectrally-filtered direct-insertion downscaling method for discrete-in-time data assimilation by introducing a relaxation parameter that overcomes a constraint on the observation frequency. Numerical simulations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Emine Celik , Eric Olson

We construct a fully discrete numerical scheme that is linear, decoupled, and unconditionally energy stable, and analyze its optimal error estimates for the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations. For time discretization, we employ the two…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-24 Haijun Gao , Xi Li , Cheng Wang , Minfu Feng

In meteorological and oceanological studies the classical approach for finding the numerical solution of the regional model consists in formulating and solving the Cauchy-Dirichlet problem. The related boundary conditions are obtained by…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2008-01-14 F. I. Pisnichenko , I. A. Pisnichenko , J. M. Martinez , S. A. Santos

The efficacy of a nudging data assimilation algorithm using higher order finite element interpolating operators is studied. Numerical experiments are presented for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations in two cases: shear flow in an annulus and a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Michael S. Jolly , Ali Pakzad

Based on a previously introduced downscaling data assimilation algorithm, which employs a nudging term to synchronize the coarse mesh spatial scales, we construct a determining map for recovering the full trajectories from their…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-01-04 Animikh Biswas , Ciprian Foias , Cecilia F. Mondaini , Edriss S. Titi

We show, using idealized models, that numerical data assimilation can be successful only if an effective dimension of the problem is not excessive. This effective dimension depends on the noise in the model and the data, and in physically…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Alexandre J. Chorin , Matthias Morzfeld

Data assimilation methodologies are designed to incorporate noisy observations of a physical system into an underlying model in order to infer the properties of the state of the system. Filters refer to a class of data assimilation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-08-06 C. E. A. Brett , K. F. Lam , K. J. H. Law , D. S. McCormick , M. R. Scott , A. M. Stuart

Sparse sensor networks in weather and ocean modeling observe only a small fraction of the system state, which destabilizes standard nudging-based data assimilation. We introduce Interpolated Discrepancy Data Assimilation (IDDA), which…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Tong Wu , Humberto Godinez , Vitaliy Gyrya , James M. Hyman

We study numerical schemes for incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using IMEX temporal discretizations, finite element spacial discretizations, and equipped with continuous data assimilation (a technique recently developed by Azouani,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Adam Larios , Leo G. Rebholz , Camille Zerfas

We consider the primal and dual forms of the optimality conditions for PDE-contrained optimization problems arising in Data-Driven Computational Mechanics when specialized to the reaction-diffusion context. Starting with the continuous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Ramon Codina , Roberto Federico Ausas , Pedro Balbão Bazon , Cristian Guillermo Gebhardt

We consider the thermal dunking problem, in which a solid body is suddenly immersed in a fluid of different temperature, and study both the temporal evolution of the solid and the associated Biot number -- a non-dimensional heat transfer…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Theron Guo , Kento Kaneko , Claude Le Bris , Anthony T. Patera

We study the use of the Azouani-Olson-Titi (AOT) continuous data assimilation algorithm to recover solutions of the Navier--Stokes equations modified to have higher-order fractional diffusion. The fractional diffusion case is of particular…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Adam Larios , Collin Victor

Previous works have shown that the small-scale information of incompressible homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT) is fully recoverable as long as sufficient large-scale structures are continuously enforced through temporally continuous…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-06-22 Yunpeng Wang , Zelong Yuan , Chenyue Xie , Jianchun Wang

Variational data assimilation in continuous time is revisited. The central techniques applied in this paper are in part adopted from the theory of optimal nonlinear control. Alternatively, the investigated approach can be considered as a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Jochen Bröcker

A new nudging method for data assimilation, delay-coordinate nudging, is presented. Delay-coordinate nudging makes explicit use of present and past observations in the formulation of the forcing driving the model evolution at each…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2016-01-12 D. Pazó , A. Carrassi , J. M. López