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Tooth segmentation is a critical technology in the field of medical image segmentation, with applications ranging from orthodontic treatment to human body identification and dental pathology assessment. Despite the development of numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Dongping Zhang , Zheng Li , Fangao Zeng , Yutong Wei

Over the past decade, Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have been widely adopted for medical image segmentation and shown to achieve adequate performance. However, due to the inherent inductive biases present in the convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Poojan Oza , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Vishal M. Patel

Clinically, the accurate annotation of lesions/tissues can significantly facilitate the disease diagnosis. For example, the segmentation of optic disc/cup (OD/OC) on fundus image would facilitate the glaucoma diagnosis, the segmentation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Junde Wu , Huihui Fang , Fangxin Shang , Dalu Yang , Zhaowei Wang , Jing Gao , Yehui Yang , Yanwu Xu

Like other applications in computer vision, medical image segmentation has been most successfully addressed using deep learning models that rely on the convolution operation as their main building block. Convolutions enjoy important…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Davood Karimi , Serge Vasylechko , Ali Gholipour

We propose a novel transformer model, capable of segmenting medical images of varying modalities. Challenges posed by the fine grained nature of medical image analysis mean that the adaptation of the transformer for their analysis is still…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Athanasios Tragakis , Chaitanya Kaul , Roderick Murray-Smith , Dirk Husmeier

Medical image segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Traditional methods typically produce a single segmentation mask, failing to capture inherent uncertainty. Recent generative models enable the creation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Huynh Trinh Ngoc , Toan Nguyen Hai , Ba Luong Son , Long Tran Quoc

Medical image segmentation is a pivotal task within the realms of medical image analysis and computer vision. While current methods have shown promise in accurately segmenting major regions of interest, the precise segmentation of boundary…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-09 Yi Lin , Dong Zhang , Xiao Fang , Yufan Chen , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Hao Chen

Collective insights from a group of experts have always proven to outperform an individual's best diagnostic for clinical tasks. For the task of medical image segmentation, existing research on AI-based alternatives focuses more on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Aimon Rahman , Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Vishal M Patel

The accurate segmentation of medical images is crucial for diagnosing and treating diseases. Recent studies demonstrate that vision transformer-based methods have significantly improved performance in medical image segmentation, primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Wentao Wang , Xi Xiao , Mingjie Liu , Qing Tian , Xuanyao Huang , Qizhen Lan , Swalpa Kumar Roy , Tianyang Wang

Accurate segmentation of ischemic stroke lesions from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for clinical decision-making and outcome assessment. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-24 Muhammad Usman , Azka Rehman , Muhammad Mutti Ur Rehman , Abd Ur Rehman , Muhammad Umar Farooq

In the realm of high-resolution (HR), fine-grained image segmentation, the primary challenge is balancing broad contextual awareness with the precision required for detailed object delineation, capturing intricate details and the finest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Qian Yu , Peng-Tao Jiang , Hao Zhang , Jinwei Chen , Bo Li , Lihe Zhang , Huchuan Lu

Rapid advancements in medical image segmentation performance have been significantly driven by the development of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs). These models follow the discriminative pixel-wise…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Jiayu Huo , Xi Ouyang , Sébastien Ourselin , Rachel Sparks

This thesis works to address a pivotal challenge in medical image analysis: the reliance on extensive labeled datasets, which are often limited due to the need for expert annotation and constrained by privacy and legal issues. By focusing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Cristian Simionescu

Computed Tomography (CT) based precise prostate segmentation for treatment planning is challenging due to (1) the unclear boundary of the prostate derived from CT's poor soft tissue contrast and (2) the limitation of convolutional neural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Chengyin Li , Yao Qiang , Rafi Ibn Sultan , Hassan Bagher-Ebadian , Prashant Khanduri , Indrin J. Chetty , Dongxiao Zhu

Widely adopted medical image segmentation methods, although efficient, are primarily deterministic and remain poorly amenable to natural language prompts. Thus, they lack the capability to estimate multiple proposals, human interaction, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yuan Lin , Murong Xu , Marc Hölle , Chinmay Prabhakar , Andreas Maier , Vasileios Belagiannis , Bjoern Menze , Suprosanna Shit

Accurate thyroid nodule segmentation in ultrasound images is critical for diagnosis and treatment planning. However, ambiguous boundaries between nodules and surrounding tissues, size variations, and the scarcity of annotated ultrasound…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Muhammad Umar Farooq , Abd Ur Rehman , Azka Rehman , Muhammad Usman , Dong-Kyu Chae , Junaid Qadir

The goal of this paper is to interactively refine the automatic segmentation on challenging structures that fall behind human performance, either due to the scarcity of available annotations or the difficulty nature of the problem itself,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Wentao Liu , Chaofan Ma , Yuhuan Yang , Weidi Xie , Ya Zhang

Biomedical image segmentation is crucial for accurately diagnosing and analyzing various diseases. However, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers, the most commonly used architectures for this task, struggle to effectively…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-09 Rong Zhou , Zhengqing Yuan , Zhiling Yan , Weixiang Sun , Kai Zhang , Yiwei Li , Yanfang Ye , Xiang Li , Lifang He , Lichao Sun

Medical image segmentation takes an important position in various clinical applications. 2.5D-based segmentation models bridge the computational efficiency of 2D-based models with the spatial perception capabilities of 3D-based models.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-13 De-Xing Huang , Xiao-Hu Zhou , Mei-Jiang Gui , Xiao-Liang Xie , Shi-Qi Liu , Shuang-Yi Wang , Zhen-Qiu Feng , Zhi-Chao Lai , Zeng-Guang Hou

Medical image segmentation is an increasingly popular area of research in medical imaging processing and analysis. However, many researchers who are new to the field struggle with basic concepts. This tutorial paper aims to provide an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-13 Diedre Carmo , Gustavo Pinheiro , Lívia Rodrigues , Thays Abreu , Roberto Lotufo , Letícia Rittner
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