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Measurement theory is the cornerstone of science, but no equivalent theory underpins the huge volumes of non-numerical data now being generated. In this study, we show that replacing numbers with alternative mathematical models, such as…
The paper argues that far from challenging - or even refuting - Bohm's quantum theory, the no-hidden-variables theorems in fact support the Bohmian ontology for quantum mechanics. The reason is that (i) all measurements come down to…
We address the problem of dynamic output feedback stabilization at an unobservable target point. The challenge lies in according the antagonistic nature of the objective and the properties of the system: the system tends to be less…
We construct a multi-observable uncertainty equality as well as an inequality based on the sum of standard deviations in the qubit system. The obtained equality indicates that the uncertainty relation can be expressed more accurately, and…
A large literature has grown up around the proposed use of 'weak measurements' (i.e., unsharp measurements followed by post-selection) to allegedly provide information about hidden ontological features of quantum systems. This paper…
A serious problem in learning probabilistic models is the presence of hidden variables. These variables are not observed, yet interact with several of the observed variables. Detecting hidden variables poses two problems: determining the…
One unusual property of dynamic systems, whose state is characterized by a set of scalar dynamic variables satisfying a system of differential equations of a general form, is considered. This property is related to the behavior of equations…
Discovering the governing equations of evolving systems from available observations is essential and challenging. In this paper, we consider a new scenario: discovering governing equations from streaming data. Current methods struggle to…
In quantum theory, observables with a continuous spectrum are known to be fundamentally different from those with a discrete and finite spectrum. While some fundamental tests and applications of quantum mechanics originally formulated for…
Many complex systems in biology, physics, and engineering include a large number of state-variables, and measuring the full state of the system is often impossible. Typically, a set of sensors is used to measure part of the state-variables.…
Many observers can simultaneously measure different parts of an environment of a quantum system in order to find out its state. To study this problem we generalize the formalism of conditional master equations to the multiple observer case.…
In this paper we study a class of physical systems that combine a finite number of mechanical and thermodynamic observables. We call them finite dimensional thermo-mechanical systems. We introduce these systems by means of simple examples.…
Assessing the systemic effects of uncertainty that arises from agents' partial observation of the true states of the world is critical for understanding a wide range of scenarios. Yet, previous modeling work on agent learning and…
As data-driven modeling of physical dynamical systems becomes more prevalent, a new challenge is emerging: making these models more compatible and aligned with existing human knowledge. AI-driven scientific modeling processes typically…
Biological systems are generally complicated and/or complex. In the former approach, one sets up a model with a large number of parameters to describe the system in detail. The latter approach focuses on understanding the universal aspects…
The problem of exact observability is analyzed for a wide class of neutral type systems by an infinite dimensional approach. The duality with the exact controllabil-ity problem is the main tool. It is based on an explicit expression of a…
We provide algorithmically verifiable necessary and sufficient conditions for fundamental system theoretic properties of discrete time linear systems subject to data losses. More precisely, the systems in our modeling framework are subject…
A key lesson of the decoherence program is that information flowing out from an open system is stored in the quantum state of the surroundings. Simultaneously, quantum measurement theory shows that the evolution of any open system when its…
Making measurements on single quantum systems is considered difficult, almost impossible if the state is a-priori unknown. Protective measurements suggest a possibility to measure single quantum systems and gain some new information in the…
We study the emergence of typicality in classical systems with a large number of binary state variables. We show analytically that for sufficiently large subsets of the complete state space, state functions which can be associated with…