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The research of adversarial attacks in the text domain attracts many interests in the last few years, and many methods with a high attack success rate have been proposed. However, these attack methods are inefficient as they require lots of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Tengfei Zhao , Zhaocheng Ge , Hanping Hu , Dingmeng Shi

Machine learning based language models have recently made significant progress, which introduces a danger to spread misinformation. To combat this potential danger, several methods have been proposed for detecting text written by these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Max Wolff , Stuart Wolff

Recent state-of-the-art language models utilize a two-phase training procedure comprised of (i) unsupervised pre-training on unlabeled text, and (ii) fine-tuning for a specific supervised task. More recently, many studies have been focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

Large Multimodal Language Models (MLLMs) are emerging as one of the foundational tools in an expanding range of applications. Consequently, understanding training-data leakage in these systems is increasingly critical. Log-probability-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ziyi Tong , Feifei Sun , Le Minh Nguyen

In this paper, we empirically analyze adversarial attacks on selected federated learning models. The specific learning models considered are Multinominal Logistic Regression (MLR), Support Vector Classifier (SVC), Multilayer Perceptron…

The democratization of pre-trained language models through open-source initiatives has rapidly advanced innovation and expanded access to cutting-edge technologies. However, this openness also brings significant security risks, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ansh Arora , Xuanli He , Maximilian Mozes , Srinibas Swain , Mark Dras , Qiongkai Xu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal understanding and generation, yet their vulnerability to adversarial attacks raises significant robustness concerns. While existing effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Hefei Mei , Zirui Wang , Shen You , Minjing Dong , Chang Xu

With the advent and widespread deployment of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), ensuring their safety has become increasingly critical. To achieve this objective, it requires us to proactively discover the vulnerability of MLLMs by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Siyuan Ma , Weidi Luo , Yu Wang , Xiaogeng Liu

Recently, applications powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in tackling complex tasks. By harnessing the advanced reasoning capabilities and extensive knowledge embedded in LLMs, these applications can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yuyang Zhang , Kangjie Chen , Jiaxin Gao , Ronghao Cui , Run Wang , Lina Wang , Tianwei Zhang

Because state-of-the-art language models are expensive to train, most practitioners must make use of one of the few publicly available language models or language model APIs. This consolidation of trust increases the potency of backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Nikhil Kandpal , Matthew Jagielski , Florian Tramèr , Nicholas Carlini

Deep learning is becoming increasingly popular in real-life applications, especially in natural language processing (NLP). Users often choose training outsourcing or adopt third-party data and models due to data and computation resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Xuan Sheng , Zhaoyang Han , Piji Li , Xiangmao Chang

Visual language pre-training (VLP) models have demonstrated significant success across various domains, yet they remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Addressing these adversarial vulnerabilities is crucial for enhancing security in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Dehong Kong , Siyuan Liang , Xiaopeng Zhu , Yuansheng Zhong , Wenqi Ren

We propose a universal adversarial attack on multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) that leverages a single optimized image to override alignment safeguards across diverse queries and even multiple models. By backpropagating through the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Temurbek Rahmatullaev , Polina Druzhinina , Nikita Kurdiukov , Matvey Mikhalchuk , Andrey Kuznetsov , Anton Razzhigaev

In a model extraction attack, an adversary steals a copy of a remotely deployed machine learning model, given oracle prediction access. We taxonomize model extraction attacks around two objectives: *accuracy*, i.e., performing well on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Matthew Jagielski , Nicholas Carlini , David Berthelot , Alex Kurakin , Nicolas Papernot

The widespread adoption of deep learning across various industries has introduced substantial challenges, particularly in terms of model explainability and security. The inherent complexity of deep learning models, while contributing to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Kealan Dunnett , Reza Arablouei , Dimity Miller , Volkan Dedeoglu , Raja Jurdak

The rapid progress of Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly advanced downstream applications. However, this progress also exposes serious transferable adversarial vulnerabilities. In general, existing adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuanbo Li , Tianyang Xu , Cong Hu , Tao Zhou , Xiao-Jun Wu , Josef Kittler

We introduce $\textbf{Doublespeak}$, a simple in-context representation hijacking attack against large language models (LLMs). The attack works by systematically replacing a harmful keyword (e.g., bomb) with a benign token (e.g., carrot)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Itay Yona , Amir Sarid , Michael Karasik , Yossi Gandelsman

State-of-the-art machine learning models are vulnerable to data poisoning attacks whose purpose is to undermine the integrity of the model. However, the current literature on data poisoning attacks is mainly focused on ad hoc techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Pooya Tavallali , Vahid Behzadan , Peyman Tavallali , Mukesh Singhal

With hundreds of thousands of language models available on Huggingface today, efficiently evaluating and utilizing these models across various downstream, tasks has become increasingly critical. Many existing methods repeatedly learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Richard Zhuang , Tianhao Wu , Zhaojin Wen , Andrew Li , Jiantao Jiao , Kannan Ramchandran

Adversarial attacks are known to succeed on classifiers, but it has been an open question whether more complex vision systems are vulnerable. In this paper, we study adversarial examples for vision and language models, which incorporate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Xiaojun Xu , Xinyun Chen , Chang Liu , Anna Rohrbach , Trevor Darrell , Dawn Song