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Related papers: Execution Semantics of Behavior Trees in Robotic A…

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Behavior Trees (BTs) are increasingly becoming a popular control structure in robotics due to their modularity, reactivity, and robustness. In terms of BT generation methods, BT planning shows promise for generating reliable BTs. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Yishuai Cai , Xinglin Chen , Yunxin Mao , Minglong Li , Shaowu Yang , Wenjing Yang , Ji Wang

Behavior Trees (BTs) provide designers an intuitive graphical interface to construct long-horizon plans for autonomous systems. To ensure their correctness and safety, rigorous formal models and verification techniques are essential.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ryan Matheu , John S. Baras , Calin Belta

Context and Motivation Attack-Defense Trees (ADTs) are a graphical notation used to model and assess security requirements. ADTs are widely popular, as they can facilitate communication between different stakeholders involved in system…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Giovanna Broccia , Maurice H. ter Beek , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Paola Spoletini , Alessio Ferrari

Context and motivation: In recent years, behavior trees have gained growing interest within the robotics community as a specification and control switching mechanism for the different tasks that form a robotics mission. Problem: Given the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Razan Ghzouli , Rebekka Wohlrab , Jennifer Horkoff

Robots are increasingly deployed across diverse domains and designed for multi-purpose operation. As robotic systems grow in complexity and operate in dynamic environments, the need for structured, expressive, and scalable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Gianluca Filippone , Sara Pettinari , Patrizio Pelliccione

Robots need task planning to sequence and execute actions toward achieving their goals. On the other hand, Behavior Trees provide a mathematical model for specifying plan execution in an intrinsically composable, reactive, and robust way.…

This paper presents an innovative exploration of the application potential of large language models (LLM) in addressing the challenging task of automatically generating behavior trees (BTs) for complex tasks. The conventional manual BT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Fu Li , Xueying Wang , Bin Li , Yunlong Wu , Yanzhen Wang , Xiaodong Yi

In this paper, we show how a planning algorithm can be used to automatically create and update a Behavior Tree (BT), controlling a robot in a dynamic environment. The planning part of the algorithm is based on the idea of back chaining.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Michele Colledanchise , Diogo Almeida , Petter Ögren

Information, stored or transmitted in digital form, is often structured. Individual data records are usually represented as hierarchies of their elements. Together, records form larger structures. Information processing applications have to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Nikita Schmidt , Ahmed Patel

The control architecture of autonomous robots can be developed by programming and integrating multiple software components that individually control separate behaviors. This approach requires additional mechanisms to coordinate their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Martin Molina , Pablo Santamaria , Abraham Carrera

Multi-robot teams offer possibilities of improved performance and fault tolerance, compared to single robot solutions. In this paper, we show how to realize those possibilities when starting from a single robot system controlled by a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Michele Colledanchise , Alejandro Marzinotto , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Petter Ögren

Robotic systems for manipulation tasks are increasingly expected to be easy to configure for new tasks or unpredictable environments, while keeping a transparent policy that is readable and verifiable by humans. We propose the method…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jonathan Styrud , Matteo Iovino , Mikael Norrlöf , Mårten Björkman , Christian Smith

The word semantics, in robotics and AI, has no canonical definition. It usually serves to denote additional data provided to autonomous agents to aid HRI. Most researchers seem, implicitly, to understand that such data cannot simply be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Jamie Milton Freestone

Neural networks with tree-based sentence encoders have shown better results on many downstream tasks. Most of existing tree-based encoders adopt syntactic parsing trees as the explicit structure prior. To study the effectiveness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Haoyue Shi , Hao Zhou , Jiaze Chen , Lei Li

With the rising demand for flexible manufacturing, robots are increasingly expected to operate in dynamic environments where local -- such as slight offsets or size differences in workpieces -- are common. We propose to address the problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Marco Iannotta , Johannes A. Stork , Erik Schaffernicht , Todor Stoyanov

The discovery of Behavior Trees (BTs) impacted the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in games, by providing flexible and natural representation of non-player characters (NPCs) logic, manageable by game-designers. Nevertheless, increased…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Andrzej Kozik , Tomasz Machalewski , Mariusz Marek , Adrian Ochmann

Many manipulation tasks pose a challenge since they depend on non-visual environmental information that can only be determined after sustained physical interaction has already begun. This is particularly relevant for effort-sensitive,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jacques Cloete , Wolfgang Merkt , Ioannis Havoutis

Behavior Engineering (BE) provides a rigorous way to derive a formal specification of a software system from the requirements written in natural language. Its graphical specification language, Behavior Tree (BT), has been used with success…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-01-22 Kushal Ahmed , Toby Myers , Lian Wen , Abdul Sattar

In this study, we propose task planning framework for multiple robots that builds on a behavior tree (BT). BTs communicate with a data distribution service (DDS) to send and receive data. Since the standard BT derived from one root node…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Seungwoo Jeong , Taekwon Ga , Inhwan Jeong , Jongeun Choi

This paper presents a novel approach to generating behavior trees for robots using lightweight large language models (LLMs) with a maximum of 7 billion parameters. The study demonstrates that it is possible to achieve satisfying results…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci