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In recent times we hear increasingly often about cyber attacks on various commercial and strategic sites that manage to escape any defense. In this article, we model such attacks on networks via stochastic processes and predict the time of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Jewgeni H. Dshalalow , Ryan T. White

With the increasing scale of communication networks, the likelihood of failures grows as well. Since these networks form a critical backbone of our digital society, it is important that they rely on robust routing algorithms which ensure…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Christoph Lenzen , Moti Medina , Mehrdad Saberi , Stefan Schmid

Runtime performance variability at the servers has been a major issue, hindering the predictable and scalable performance in modern distributed systems. Executing requests or jobs redundantly over multiple servers has been shown to be…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Mehmet Fatih Aktas , Emina Soljanin

We study the incentives that agents have to invest in costly protection against cascading failures in networked systems. Applications include vaccination, computer security and airport security. Agents are connected through a network and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-06-06 Matt V. Leduc , Ruslan Momot

We address the problem of distributed state estimation of a linear dynamical process in an attack-prone environment. Recent attempts to solve this problem impose stringent redundancy requirements on the measurement and communication…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Aritra Mitra , Faiq Ghawash , Shreyas Sundaram , Waseem Abbas

Distributed storage systems are mainly justified due to the limited amount of storage capacity and improving the reliability through distributing data over multiple storage nodes. On the other hand, it may happen the data is stored in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-15 Soroush Akhlaghi , Abbas Kiani , Mohammad Reza Ghanavati

With increasingly ambitious initiatives such as GENI and FIND that seek to design the future Internet, it becomes imperative to define the characteristics of robust topologies, and build future networks optimized for robustness. This paper…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-09-25 Ali Sydney , Caterina Scoglio , Mina Youssef , Phillip Schumm

It has been known that heterogeneous networks are vulnerable to the intentional removal of a small fraction of highly connected or loaded nodes, which implies that, to protect a network effectively, a few important nodes should be allocated…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-11-13 Xingang Wang , Shuguang Guan , Choy Heng Lai

The optimal fault-tolerance achievable by any protocol has been characterized in a wide range of settings. For example, for state machine replication (SMR) protocols operating in the partially synchronous setting, it is possible to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Andrew Lewis-Pye , Tim Roughgarden

Proof of Stake (PoS) is a burgeoning Sybil resistance mechanism that aims to have a digital asset ("token") serve as security collateral in crypto networks. However, PoS has so far eluded a comprehensive threat model that encompasses both…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-02-05 Tarun Chitra

Determining design principles that boost robustness of interdependent networks is a fundamental question of engineering, economics, and biology. It is known that maximizing the degree correlation between replicas of the same node leads to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-21 Ivan Kryven , Ginestra Bianconi

The vulnerability of networks to targeted attacks is an issue of widespread interest for policymakers, military strategists, network engineers and systems biologists alike. Current approaches to circumvent targeted attacks seek to increase…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-28 Sai Saranga Das M , Karthik Raman

We analyse security costs in one segment of nested purification protocol in a large quantum cryptography network, employing the quantum switchers and repeaters. We demonstrate that exponential or even super-exponential grow of entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Radim Filip

Adversarial examples pose a security risk as they can alter decisions of a machine learning classifier through slight input perturbations. Certified robustness has been proposed as a mitigation where given an input $\mathbf{x}$, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jiankai Jin , Olga Ohrimenko , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

We introduce a novel framework for computing optimal randomized security policies in networked domains which extends previous approaches in several ways. First, we extend previous linear programming techniques for Stackelberg security games…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Joshua Letchford , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

In this paper, we study the fundamental limits of hierarchical secure aggregation under unreliable communication. We consider a hierarchical network where each client connects to multiple relays, and both client-to-relay and relay-to-server…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shudi Weng , Xiang Zhang , Yizhou Zhao , Giuseppe Caire , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund

Real-world attacks can be interpreted as the result of competitive interactions between networks, ranging from predator-prey networks to networks of countries under economic sanctions. Although the purpose of an attack is to damage a target…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-10-22 Boris Podobnik , Davor Horvatic , Tomislav Lipic , Matjaz Perc , Javier M. Buldu , H. Eugene Stanley

Whether as telecommunications or power systems, networks are very important in everyday life. Maintaining these networks properly functional and connected, even under attacks or failures, is of special concern. This topic has been…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-30 Ivana Bachmann , Fernando Morales , Alonso Silva , Javier Bustos-Jiménez

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) trains a policy to maximize the task reward while satisfying safety constraints. While prior works focus on the performance optimality, we find that the optimal solutions of many safe RL problems are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Zuxin Liu , Zijian Guo , Zhepeng Cen , Huan Zhang , Jie Tan , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

In this work, we consider two types of adversarial attacks on a network of nodes seeking to reach consensus. The first type involves an adversary that is capable of breaking a specific number of links at each time instant. In the second…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Ali Khanafer , Behrouz Touri , Tamer Başar