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Federated learning (FL) has enabled global model training on decentralized data in a privacy-preserving way by aggregating model updates. However, for many natural language processing (NLP) tasks that utilize pre-trained language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Haodong Zhao , Wei Du , Fangqi Li , Peixuan Li , Gongshen Liu

The complex nature of medical image segmentation calls for models that are specifically designed to capture detailed, domain-specific features. Large foundation models offer considerable flexibility, yet the cost of fine-tuning these models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Abdelrahman Elsayed , Sarim Hashmi , Mohammed Elseiagy , Hu Wang , Mohammad Yaqub , Ibrahim Almakky

In classical federated learning, the clients contribute to the overall training by communicating local updates for the underlying model on their private data to a coordinating server. However, updating and communicating the entire model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Jianyu Wang , Hang Qi , Ankit Singh Rawat , Sashank Reddi , Sagar Waghmare , Felix X. Yu , Gauri Joshi

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized data sources while preserving data privacy. However, the growing size of Machine Learning (ML) models poses communication and computation challenges in FL.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Xin Chen , Shuaijun Chen , Omid Tavallaie , Nguyen Tran , Shuhuang Xiang , Albert Zomaya

Foundation models have shown great success in natural language processing, computer vision, and multimodal tasks. FMs have a large number of model parameters, thus requiring a substantial amount of data to help optimize the model during the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Panlong Wu , Kangshuo Li , Ting Wang , Fangxin Wang

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning technique that enables collaborative model training while avoiding explicit data sharing. The inherent privacy-preserving property of FL algorithms makes them especially attractive…

Collaboratively fine-tuning (FT) large language models (LLMs) over heterogeneous mobile devices fosters immense potential applications of personalized intelligence. However, such a vision faces critical system challenges. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xingke Yang , Liang Li , Sicong Li , Liwei Guan , Hao Wang , Xiaoqi Qi , Jiang Liu , Xin Fu , Miao Pan

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enables a large number of devices to collaboratively learn a model without sharing their raw data. Despite its practical efficiency and effectiveness, the iterative on-device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Bing Luo , Xiang Li , Shiqiang Wang , Jianwei Huang , Leandros Tassiulas

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of pre-trained foundation models is increasingly attracting interest in medical imaging due to its effectiveness and computational efficiency. Among these methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ghassen Baklouti , Julio Silva-Rodríguez , Jose Dolz , Houda Bahig , Ismail Ben Ayed

Foundation Models (FMs), such as LLaMA, BERT, GPT, ViT, and CLIP, have demonstrated remarkable success in a wide range of applications, driven by their ability to leverage vast amounts of data for pre-training. However, optimizing FMs often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

While "instruction-tuned" generative large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to generalize to new tasks, the training phases heavily rely on large amounts of diverse and high-quality instruction data (such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jianyi Zhang , Saeed Vahidian , Martin Kuo , Chunyuan Li , Ruiyi Zhang , Tong Yu , Yufan Zhou , Guoyin Wang , Yiran Chen

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used for reforestation and forest monitoring, including seed dispersal in hard-to-reach terrains. However, a detailed understanding of the forest floor remains a challenge due to high natural…

Federated learning (FL) for large language models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attention as a privacy-preserving approach for adapting models over distributed data, where parameter-efficient methods such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhikang Shen , Jianrong Lu , Haiyuan Wan , Jianhai Chen

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a new paradigm for privacy-preserving computation in recent years. Unfortunately, FL faces two critical challenges that hinder its actual performance: data distribution heterogeneity and high resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Wang Lu , Xixu Hu , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie

Federated fine-tuning (FFT) of large language models (LLMs) has recently emerged as a promising solution to enable domain-specific adaptation while preserving data privacy. Despite its benefits, FFT on resource-constrained clients relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Manning Zhu , Songtao Guo , Pengzhan Zhou , Yansong Ning , Chang Han , Dewen Qiao

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) raises privacy concerns due to the risk of exposing sensitive training data. Federated learning (FL) mitigates this risk by keeping training samples on local devices, while facing the following…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Zhichao You , Xuewen Dong , Ke Cheng , Xutong Mu , Jiaxuan Fu , Shiyang Ma , Qiang Qu , Yulong Shen

Statistical and systematic challenges in collaboratively training machine learning models across distributed networks of mobile devices have been the bottlenecks in the real-world application of federated learning. In this work, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Fei Chen , Mi Luo , Zhenhua Dong , Zhenguo Li , Xiuqiang He

Federated learning (FL) can be used to improve data privacy and efficiency in magnetic resonance (MR) image reconstruction by enabling multiple institutions to collaborate without needing to aggregate local data. However, the domain shift…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-24 Chun-Mei Feng , Yunlu Yan , Shanshan Wang , Yong Xu , Ling Shao , Huazhu Fu

This survey delves into the realm of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) within the context of Foundation Models (FMs). PEFT, a cost-effective fine-tuning technique, minimizes parameters and computational complexity while striving for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Dan Zhang , Tao Feng , Lilong Xue , Yuandong Wang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Fine-tuning large language models for domain-specific tasks such as medical text summarization demands substantial computational resources. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods offer promising alternatives by updating only a small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Ulugbek Shernazarov , Rostislav Svitsov , Bin Shi