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The 2-component BKP (2-BKP) hierarchy is an important integrable system corresponding to the infinite dimensional Lie algebras $b_{\infty}$ and $d_{\infty}$, which contains Novikov-Veselov equation and can be used to describe the total…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2025-11-20 Mengyao Chen , Jipeng Cheng , Jinbiao Wang

In this paper a list of $R$-matrices on a certain coupled Lie algebra is obtained. With one of these $R$-matrices, we construct infinitely many bi-Hamiltonian structures for each of the two-component BKP and the Toda lattice hierarchies. We…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-05-07 Chao-Zhong Wu

Pairs of $n\times n$ matrices whose commutator differ from the identity by a matrix of rank $r$ are used to construct bispectral differential operators with $r\times r$ matrix coefficients satisfying the Lax equations of the Matrix KP…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-05-13 Maarten Bergvelt , Michael Gekhtman , Alex Kasman

A systematic method of constructing manifestly supersymmetric $1+1$-dimensional KP Lax hierarchies is presented. Closed expressions for the Lax operators in terms of superfield eigenfunctions are obtained. All hierarchy equations being…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 H. Aratyn , C. Rasinariu

We propose a method for constructing the Lax connection of two-dimensional relativistic integrable sigma models on coset spaces by means of exponentiation of a suitable operator. We derive a simple quadratic relation that this operator must…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-17 Niklas Beisert , Florian Luecker

We construct generalized additional symmetries of a two-component BKP hierarchy defined by two pseudo-differential Lax operators. These additional symmetry flows form a Block type algebra with some modified(or additional) terms because of a…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-11 Chuanzhong Li , Jingsong He

It is shown how a system of evolution equations can be developed both from the structure equations of a submanifold embedded in three-space as well as from a matrix SO(6) Lax pair. The two systems obtained this way correspond exactly when a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-04-07 Paul Bracken

In this paper, we mainly investigate Lax structure and tau function for the large BKP hierarchy, which is also known as Toda hierarchy of B type, or Hirota--Ohta--coupled KP hierarchy, or Pfaff lattice. Firstly, the large BKP hierarchy can…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-04-16 Wenchuang Guan , Shen Wang , Wenjuan Rui , Jipeng Cheng

We give a matrix formulation of the Hamiltonian structures of constrained KP hierarchy. First, we derive from the matrix formulation the Hamiltonian structure of the one-constraint KP hierarchy, which was originally obtained by Oevel and…

solv-int · Physics 2009-10-31 Wen-Jui Huang , Jiin-Chang Shaw , Ming-Hsien Tu

We introduce multilinear operators, that generalize Hirota's bilinear $D$ operator, based on the principle of gauge invariance of the $\tau$ functions. We show that these operators can be constructed systematically using the bilinear $D$'s…

solv-int · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Grammaticos , A. Ramani , J. Hietarinta

A completely integrable nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) can be associated with a system of linear PDEs in an auxiliary function whose compatibility requires that the original PDE is satisfied. This associated system is called…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2011-10-05 Mark Hickman , Willy Hereman , Jennifer Larue , Unal Goktas

To each partition function of cohomological field theory one can associate an Hamiltonian integrable hierarchy of topological type. The Givental group acts on such partition functions and consequently on the associated integrable…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 Guido Carlet , Johan van de Leur , Hessel Posthuma , Sergey Shadrin

We construct a Lax pair for the $E^{(1)}_6 $ $q$-Painlev\'e system from first principles by employing the general theory of semi-classical orthogonal polynomial systems characterised by divided-difference operators on discrete, quadratic…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2012-12-12 Nicholas S. Witte , Christopher M. Ormerod

In paper by I.T. Habibullin and our joint paper the algorithm for classification of integrable equations with three independent variables was proposed. This method is based on the requirement of the existence of an infinite set of Darboux…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2021-09-28 Maria N. Kuznetsova

We consider some natural connections which arise between right-flat (p, q) paraconformal structures and integrable systems. We find that such systems may be formulated in Lax form, with a "Lax p-tuple" of linear differential operators,…

solv-int · Physics 2007-05-23 James D. E. Grant

We introduce two classes of discrete polynomials and construct discrete equations admitting a Lax representation in terms of these polynomials. Also we give an approach which allows to construct lattice integrable hierarchies in its…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2014-06-05 Andrei K. Svinin

We consider (3+1)-dimensional second-order evolutionary PDEs where the unknown $u$ enters only in the form of the 2nd-order partial derivatives. For such equations which possess a Lagrangian, we show that all of them have a symplectic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 M. B. Sheftel , D. Yazıcı

Using the bilinear formalism, we consider multicomponent and matrix modified KP hierarchies. The main tool is the bilinear identity for the tau-function which is realized as an expectation value of a Clifford group element composed from…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-06-28 A. Zabrodin

We produce a hierarchiy of integrable equations by systematically adding terms to the Lax pair for the lattice modified KdV equation. The equations in the hierarchy are related to one aonother by recursion relations. These recursion…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-05 Mike Hay

Matrix differential-difference Lax pairs play an essential role in the theory of integrable nonlinear differential-difference equations. We present sufficient conditions which allow one to simplify such a Lax pair by matrix gauge…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-07-30 Sergei Igonin