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All nonlinear extensions of the source-free Maxwell equations preserving both SO(2) electromagnetic duality invariance and conformal invariance are found, and shown to be limits of a one-parameter generalisation of Born-Infeld…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-01-04 Igor Bandos , Kurt Lechner , Dmitri Sorokin , Paul K. Townsend

The electromagnetic fields in Maxwell's theory satisfy linear equations in the classical vacuum. This is modified in classical non-linear electrodynamic theories. To date there has been little experimental evidence that any of these…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 T. Dereli , R. W. Tucker

We consider rational nonlinear electrodynamics with the Lagrangian ${\cal L} = -{\cal F}/(1+2\beta{\cal F})$ (${\cal F}=(1/4)F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}$ is the Lorentz-invariant), proposed in [63], coupled to General Relativity. The effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-12-02 S. I. Kruglov

The idea that the nonlinear electromagnetic interaction, i. e., light propagation in vacuum, can be geometrized was developed by Novello et al. (2000) and Novello & Salim (2001). Since then a number of physical consequences for the dynamics…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-24 Herman J. Mosquera Cuesta , Jose' M. Salim

We obtain the characteristic equation for the nonlinear Born-Infeld electrodynamics. This equation has the form of the characteristic equation for the linear electrodynamics in some effective Riemann space. The effective metric include the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-03 Alexander A. Chernitskii

We show exact solutions of Born-Infeld theory for electromagnetic plane waves propagating in the presence of static background fields. The non-linear character of Born-Infeld equations generates an interaction between background and wave…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 Matias Aiello , Gabriel Bengochea , Rafael Ferraro

We scrutinize the geometrical properties of light propagation inside a nonlinear medium modeled by a fully covariant electromagnetic theory in $2+1$-dimensions. After setting the nonlinear constitutive relations, the phase velocity and the…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-26 Eduardo Bittencourt , Elliton O. S. Brandão , Érico Goulart

The limits of linear electrodynamics are reviewed, and possible directions of nonlinear extension are explored. The central theme is that the qualitative character of the empirical successes of quantum electrodynamics must be used as a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 David Delphenich

We calculate the bending angles of light under the strong electric and magnetic fields by a charged black hole and a magnetized neutron star according to the nonlinear electrodynamics of Euler-Heisenberg interaction. The bending angle of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-27 Jin Young Kim , Taekoon Lee

We analyze the propagation of light in the context of nonlinear electrodynamics, as it occurs in modified QED vacua. We show that the corresponding characteristic equation can be described in terms of a modification of the effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Novello , V. A. De Lorenci , J. M. Salim , R. Klippert

We study the interaction of two counter-propagating electromagnetic waves in vacuum in the Born-Infeld electrodynamics. First we investigate the Born case for linearly polarized beams, ${\bf E}\cdot{\bf B}=0$, i. e. $\mathfrak{G}^2=0$…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-31 Hedvika Kadlecová

Modified by a logarithmic term, the non-linear electrodynamics (NED) model of the Born-Infeld (BI) action is reconsidered. Unlike the standard BI action, this choice provides interesting integrals of the Einstein-NED equations. It is found…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-11 S. Habib Mazharimousavi , M. Halilsoy

We analyze the behavior of shock waves in nonlinear theories of electrodynamics. For this, by use of generalized Hadamard step functions of increasing order, the electromagnetic potential is developed in a series expansion near the shock…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-12-07 Christoph Minz , Horst-Heino von Borzeszkowski , Thoralf Chrobok , Gerold Schellstede

We study observational signatures of nonsingular ultracompact objects regularized by nonlinear electrodynamics. The phenomenon of birefringence causes photons of different polarizations to propagate with respect to two distinct metrics,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-12 Sebastian Murk , Ioannis Soranidis

In this paper, we discuss the effects of nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) on non-rotating black holes, parametrized by the field coupling parameter $\beta$ and magnetic charge parameter $P$ in detail. Particularly, we survey physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-06 Mert Okyay , Ali Övgün

We investigate the deflection of light around a BTZ-ModMax black hole, focusing on the influence of the ModMax parameter and the cosmological constant. The trajectories of massless particles are explored through an analysis of null…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-15 Shubham Kala

A model of nonlinear electrodynamics with two parameters, coupled with general relativity, is investigated. We study the magnetized black hole and obtain solutions. The asymptotic of the metric and mass functions at $r\rightarrow\infty$ and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-24 S. I. Kruglov

Non-linear interaction between the electromagnetic fields (EMF) occurs when vacuum polarization in quantum electrodynamics (QED) happens. The field of non-linear electrodynamics, which may result from this interaction, could have important…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-09 Akhil Uniyal , Reggie C. Pantig , Ali Övgün

Exact solutions describing multiple, electrically charged black holes (BHs) in a model of nonlinear electrodynamics (NLE) minimally coupled to Einstein's gravity are presented. The NLE model is ModMax theory, that has attracted much…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-25 Ana Bokulić , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro

The electromagnetic (EM) perturbations of the black hole solutions in general relativity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) are studied for both electrically and magnetically charged black holes, assuming that the EM perturbations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-02 Bobir Toshmatov , Zdeněk Stuchlík , Jan Schee , Bobomurat Ahmedov