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Federated Semi-Supervised Learning (FedSSL) has gained rising attention from both academic and industrial researchers, due to its unique characteristics of co-training machine learning models with isolated yet unlabeled data. Most existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Zewei Long , Jiaqi Wang , Yaqing Wang , Houping Xiao , Fenglong Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered generative recommendation systems through fine-tuning user behavior data. However, utilizing the user data may pose significant privacy risks, potentially leading to ethical dilemmas and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jujia Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Chen Xu , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Federated learning (FL) is a popular privacy-preserving paradigm that enables distributed clients to collaboratively train models with a central server while keeping raw data locally. In practice, distinct model architectures, varying data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yuting Ma , Lechao Cheng , Yaxiong Wang , Zhun Zhong , Xiaohua Xu , Meng Wang

Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is obstructed by a trilemma of challenges: protecting LLMs intellectual property (IP), ensuring client privacy, and mitigating performance loss on heterogeneous data. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Federated learning allows edge devices to collaboratively learn a shared model while keeping the training data on device, decoupling the ability to do model training from the need to store the data in the cloud. We propose Federated matched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Hongyi Wang , Mikhail Yurochkin , Yuekai Sun , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Yasaman Khazaeni

In federated learning (FL), the multi-step update and data heterogeneity among clients often lead to a loss landscape with sharper minima, degenerating the performance of the resulted global model. Prevalent federated approaches incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Ziqing Fan , Shengchao Hu , Jiangchao Yao , Gang Niu , Ya Zhang , Masashi Sugiyama , Yanfeng Wang

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across multiple clients without sharing their private data. However, data heterogeneity across clients leads to client drift, which degrades the overall generalization performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Alina Devkota , Jacob Thrasher , Donald Adjeroh , Binod Bhattarai , Prashnna K. Gyawali

Many researchers have proposed replacing the aggregation server in federated learning with a blockchain system to improve privacy, robustness, and scalability. In this approach, clients would upload their updated models to the blockchain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yongding Tian , Zhuoran Guo , Jiaxuan Zhang , Zaid Al-Ars

Federated Learning (FL) enables geographically distributed clients to collaboratively train machine learning models by sharing only their local models, ensuring data privacy. However, FL is vulnerable to untargeted attacks that aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Di Wu , Qian Li , Heng Yang , Yong Han

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates the fine-tuning of Foundation Models (FMs) using distributed data sources, with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) gaining popularity due to its low communication costs and strong performance. While recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zihao Peng , Jiandian Zeng , Boyuan Li , Guo Li , Shengbo Chen , Tian Wang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a groundbreaking paradigm in machine learning (ML), offering privacy-preserving collaborative model training across diverse datasets. Despite its promise, FL faces significant hurdles in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Christian Internò , Markus Olhofer , Yaochu Jin , Barbara Hammer

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising Machine Learning paradigm, enabling multiple users to collaboratively train a shared model while preserving their local data. To minimize computing and communication costs associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sofiane Bouaziz , Hadjer Benmeziane , Youcef Imine , Leila Hamdad , Smail Niar , Hamza Ouarnoughi

The emerging paradigm of federated learning (FL) strives to enable collaborative training of deep models on the network edge without centrally aggregating raw data and hence improving data privacy. In most cases, the assumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Xiaoxiao Li , Meirui Jiang , Xiaofei Zhang , Michael Kamp , Qi Dou

In the era of increasing privacy concerns and demand for personalized experiences, traditional Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) frameworks face significant challenges due to their reliance on centralized data. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Flint Xiaofeng Fan , Cheston Tan , Yew-Soon Ong , Roger Wattenhofer , Wei-Tsang Ooi

Purpose: Data privacy regulations hinder the creation of generalizable foundation models (FMs) for surgery by preventing multi-institutional data aggregation. This study investigates federated learning (FL) as a privacy-preserving solution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Max Kirchner , Alexander C. Jenke , Sebastian Bodenstedt , Fiona R. Kolbinger , Oliver L. Saldanha , Jakob N. Kather , Martin Wagner , Stefanie Speidel

With the growing concern about the security and privacy of smart grid systems, cyberattacks on critical power grid components, such as state estimation, have proven to be one of the top-priority cyber-related issues and have received…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Muhammad Akbar Husnoo , Adnan Anwar , Haftu Tasew Reda , Nasser Hosseinzadeh , Shama Naz Islam , Abdun Naser Mahmood , Robin Doss

Black-Box Discrete Prompt Learning is a prompt-tuning method that optimizes discrete prompts without accessing model parameters or gradients, making the prompt tuning on a cloud-based Large Language Model (LLM) feasible. Adapting federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ganyu Wang , Jinjie Fang , Maxwell J. Yin , Bin Gu , Xi Chen , Boyu Wang , Yi Chang , Charles Ling

Federated learning (FL) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. As a privacy-preserving collaborative learning paradigm, it enables a broader range of applications, especially for computer vision and natural language processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Yilun Lin , Chaochao Chen , Cen Chen , Li Wang

Federated learning (FL), as a distributed machine learning approach, has drawn a great amount of attention in recent years. FL shows an inherent advantage in privacy preservation, since users' raw data are processed locally. However, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Jun Li , Yumeng Shao , Ming Ding , Chuan Ma , Kang Wei , Zhu Han , H. Vincent Poor

The rise of IoT devices and the uptake of cloud computing have informed a new era of data-driven intelligence. Traditional centralized machine learning models that require a large volume of data to be stored in a single location have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Saloni Garg , Amit Sagtani , Kamal Kant Hiran