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A recent focus of large language model (LLM) development, as exemplified by generative search engines, is to incorporate external references to generate and support its claims. However, evaluating the attribution, i.e., verifying whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xiang Yue , Boshi Wang , Ziru Chen , Kai Zhang , Yu Su , Huan Sun

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly important for machine learning applications. However, it can be challenging to align LLMs with our intent, particularly when we want to generate content that is preferable over others…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Xiang Gao , Kamalika Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success in various tasks such as natural language understanding, text summarization, and machine translation. However, their general-purpose nature often limits their effectiveness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zirui Song , Bin Yan , Yuhan Liu , Miao Fang , Mingzhe Li , Rui Yan , Xiuying Chen

This paper introduces a causal attribution model to enhance the interpretability of large language models (LLMs) and improve their causal reasoning abilities via precise fine-tuning. Despite LLMs' proficiency in diverse tasks, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hengrui Cai , Shengjie Liu , Rui Song

Chain-of-thought explanations are widely used to inspect the decision process of large language models (LLMs) and to evaluate the trustworthiness of model outputs, making them important for effective collaboration between LLMs and humans.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Pedro Ferreira , Wilker Aziz , Ivan Titov

In the current Large Language Model (LLM) ecosystem, creators have little agency over how their data is used, and LLM users may find themselves unknowingly plagiarizing existing sources. Attribution of LLM-generated text to LLM input data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Amelie Wührl , Mattes Ruckdeschel , Kyle Lo , Anna Rogers

The recent success in language generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs), such as GPT, Bard, Llama etc., can potentially lead to concerns about their possible misuse in inducing mass agitation and communal hatred via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Shrey Satapara , Parth Mehta , Debasis Ganguly , Sandip Modha

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as proxies for human judgment in computational social science, yet their ability to reproduce patterns of susceptibility to misinformation remains unclear. We test whether LLM-simulated…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Eun Cheol Choi , Lindsay E. Young , Emilio Ferrara

Language models (LMs) now excel at many tasks such as few-shot learning, question answering, reasoning, and dialog. However, they sometimes generate unsupported or misleading content. A user cannot easily determine whether their outputs are…

The efficacy of large language models (LLMs) is heavily dependent on the quality of the underlying data, particularly within specialized domains. A common challenge when fine-tuning LLMs for domain-specific applications is the potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Jianwei Sun , Chaoyang Mei , Linlin Wei , Kaiyu Zheng , Na Liu , Ming Cui , Tianyi Li

We introduce the framework of "social learning" in the context of large language models (LLMs), whereby models share knowledge with each other in a privacy-aware manner using natural language. We present and evaluate two approaches for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Florian Hartmann , Sian Gooding , Lukas Zilka , Matt Sharifi , Blaise Aguera y Arcas

Data attribution methods quantify the influence of training data on model outputs and are becoming increasingly relevant for a wide range of LLM research and applications, including dataset curation, model interpretability, data valuation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Cathy Jiao , Yijun Pan , Emily Xiao , Daisy Sheng , Niket Jain , Hanzhang Zhao , Ishita Dasgupta , Jiaqi W. Ma , Chenyan Xiong

Person re-identification (Re-ID) is a critical technique in the video surveillance system, which has achieved significant success in the supervised setting. However, it is difficult to directly apply the supervised model to arbitrary unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Lei Qi , Jiaying Shen , Jiaqi Liu , Yinghuan Shi , Xin Geng

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the digital information landscape, making it increasingly challenging to distinguish between human-written and LLM-generated content. Detecting LLM-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Minjia Mao , Dongjun Wei , Xiao Fang , Michael Chau

Generalization capability to unseen domains is crucial for machine learning models when deploying to real-world conditions. We investigate the challenging problem of domain generalization, i.e., training a model on multi-domain source data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Qi Dou , Daniel C. Castro , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Ben Glocker

Teaching large language models (LLMs) to generate text with citations to evidence sources can mitigate hallucinations and enhance verifiability in information-seeking systems. However, improving this capability requires high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Lei Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Weitao Ma , Liang Zhao , Yuchun Fan , Weihong Zhong , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Hongtao Liu , Bing Qin

Attributing answers to source documents is an approach used to enhance the verifiability of a model's output in retrieval augmented generation (RAG). Prior work has mainly focused on improving and evaluating the attribution quality of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Amin Abolghasemi , Leif Azzopardi , Seyyed Hadi Hashemi , Maarten de Rijke , Suzan Verberne

This paper models information diffusion in a network of Large Language Models (LLMs) that is designed to answer queries from distributed datasets, where the LLMs can hallucinate the answer. We introduce a two-time-scale dynamical model for…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Adit Jain , Vikram Krishnamurthy , Yiming Zhang

AI-generated content (AIGC) technology has emerged as a prevalent alternative to create multimodal misinformation on social media platforms, posing unprecedented threats to societal safety. However, standard prompting leverages multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Junjie Wu , Yumeng Fu , Chen Gong , Guohong Fu

We study how well large language models (LLMs) explain their generations through rationales -- a set of tokens extracted from the input text that reflect the decision-making process of LLMs. Specifically, we systematically study rationales…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Mohsen Fayyaz , Fan Yin , Jiao Sun , Nanyun Peng