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Implicit probabilistic models are models defined naturally in terms of a sampling procedure and often induces a likelihood function that cannot be expressed explicitly. We develop a simple method for estimating parameters in implicit models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Ke Li , Jitendra Malik

In the context of having an instrumental variable, the standard practice in causal inference begins by targeting an effect of interest and proceeds by formulating assumptions enabling its identification. We turn this around by adhering to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Carlos García Meixide , Mark J. van der Laan

In this paper, we study causal inference when the treatment variable is an aggregation of multiple sub-treatment variables. Researchers often report marginal causal effects for the aggregated treatment, implicitly assuming that the target…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-08 Carolina Caetano , Gregorio Caetano , Brantly Callaway , Derek Dyal

For linear regression models who are not exactly sparse in the sense that the coefficients of the insignificant variables are not exactly zero, the working models obtained by a variable selection are often biased. Even in sparse cases,…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-17 Lu Lin , Lixing Zhu , Yujie Gai

In many applications, particularly in the natural sciences, the available high-dimensional set of features may contain variables that are not correlated with the response under consideration. Such irrelevant features can, in certain cases,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Gianluca Finocchio , Tatyana Krivobokova

Empirical research typically involves a robustness-efficiency tradeoff. A researcher seeking to estimate a scalar parameter can invoke strong assumptions to motivate a restricted estimator that is precise but may be heavily biased, or they…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-17 Timothy B. Armstrong , Patrick Kline , Liyang Sun

This paper studies a potential outcome model with a continuous or discrete outcome, a discrete multi-valued treatment, and a discrete multi-valued instrument. We derive sharp, closed-form testable implications for a class of restrictions on…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-19 Yuehao Bai , Shunzhuang Huang , Max Tabord-Meehan

We consider the problem of how to assign treatment in a randomized experiment, in which the correlation among the outcomes is informed by a network available pre-intervention. Working within the potential outcome causal framework, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-19 Guillaume W. Basse , Edoardo M. Airoldi

Is it possible to perform linear regression on datasets whose labels are shuffled with respect to the inputs? We explore this question by proposing several estimators that recover the weights of a noisy linear model from labels that are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-05 Abubakar Abid , Ada Poon , James Zou

In variational inference, the benefits of Bayesian models rely on accurately capturing the true posterior distribution. We propose using neural samplers that specify implicit distributions, which are well-suited for approximating complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Anshuk Uppal , Kristoffer Stensbo-Smidt , Wouter Boomsma , Jes Frellsen

The "design phase" refers to a stage in observational studies, during which a researcher constructs a subsample that achieves a better balance in covariate distributions between the treated and untreated units. In this paper, we study the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-03 Junho Choi

For the last two decades, high-dimensional data and methods have proliferated throughout the literature. Yet, the classical technique of linear regression has not lost its usefulness in applications. In fact, many high-dimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla , Lawrence D. Brown , Andreas Buja , Edward I. George , Linda Zhao

Completely randomized experiment is the gold standard for causal inference. When the covariate information for each experimental candidate is available, one typical way is to include them in covariate adjustments for more accurate treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-10 Xin Lu , Fan Yang , Yuhao Wang

Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPW) has been well applied in causal inference to estimate population-level estimands from observational studies. For time-to-event outcomes, the failure time distribution can be estimated by…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-13 Yuhao Deng , Rui Wang

In estimating the effects of a treatment/policy with a network, an unit is subject to two types of treatment: one is the direct treatment on the unit itself, and the other is the indirect treatment (i.e., network/spillover influence)…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-16 Myoung-jae Lee

In 2011, Wooten introduced Non-Response Analysis the founding theory in Implicit Regression where Implicit Regression treats the variables implicitly as codependent variables and not as an explicit function with dependent or independent…

Applications · Statistics 2015-12-17 R. D. Wooten , K. Baah , J. D'Andrea

This paper develops a model of \textit{identification design} and applies it to robust causal inference in microeconometrics. The decision maker observes the population distribution of signals generated by an information structure and ranks…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-20 Maxwell Rosenthal

Making informed decisions about model adequacy has been an outstanding issue for regression models with discrete outcomes. Standard assessment tools for such outcomes (e.g. deviance residuals) often show a large discrepancy from the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-02 Lu Yang

Traditionally Bayesian decision-theoretic design of experiments proceeds by choosing a design to minimise expectation of a given loss function over the space of all designs. The loss function encapsulates the aim of the experiment, and the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-10 Antony M. Overstall , James M. McGree

The method of instrumental variables provides a fundamental and practical tool for causal inference in many empirical studies where unmeasured confounding between the treatments and the outcome is present. Modern data such as the genetical…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-28 Ziang Niu , Yuwen Gu , Wei Li