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Recent work has proposed several efficient approaches for generating gradient-based adversarial perturbations on embeddings and proved that the model's performance and robustness can be improved when they are trained with these contaminated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Yao Qiu , Jinchao Zhang , Jie Zhou

Adversarial attacks against natural language processing systems, which perform seemingly innocuous modifications to inputs, can induce arbitrary mistakes to the target models. Though raised great concerns, such adversarial attacks can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Boxin Wang , Hengzhi Pei , Boyuan Pan , Qian Chen , Shuohang Wang , Bo Li

Recent advances in the development of large language models have resulted in public access to state-of-the-art pre-trained language models (PLMs), including Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) and Bidirectional Encoder…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used, understanding them systematically is key to improving their safety and realizing their full potential. Although many models are aligned using techniques such as reinforcement learning from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Sajib Biswas , Mao Nishino , Samuel Jacob Chacko , Xiuwen Liu

Current adversarial attack algorithms, where an adversary changes a text to fool a victim model, have been repeatedly shown to be effective against text classifiers. These attacks, however, generally assume that the victim model is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Tom Roth , Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Alsharif Abuadbba , Massimo Piccardi

Adversarial attacks are carried out to reveal the vulnerability of deep neural networks. Textual adversarial attacking is challenging because text is discrete and a small perturbation can bring significant change to the original input.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Yuan Zang , Fanchao Qi , Chenghao Yang , Zhiyuan Liu , Meng Zhang , Qun Liu , Maosong Sun

In recent years, text generation tools utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) have occasionally been misused across various domains, such as generating student reports or creative writings. This issue prompts plagiarism detection services…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Ahmed K. Kadhim , Lei Jiao , Rishad Shafik , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Deep learning-based natural language processing (NLP) models, particularly pre-trained language models (PLMs), have been revealed to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. However, the adversarial examples generated by many mainstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Zimu Wang , Wei Wang , Qi Chen , Qiufeng Wang , Anh Nguyen

Adversarial attacks on Graph Neural Networks aim to perturb the performance of the learner by carefully modifying the graph topology and node attributes. Existing methods achieve attack stealthiness by constraining the modification budget…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Kai Yuan , Jiahao Zhang , Yidi Wang , Xiaobing Pei

This work proposes a novel algorithm to generate natural language adversarial input for text classification models, in order to investigate the robustness of these models. It involves applying gradient-based perturbation on the sentence…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Yu-Lun Hsieh , Minhao Cheng , Da-Cheng Juan , Wei Wei , Wen-Lian Hsu , Cho-Jui Hsieh

We present FireBERT, a set of three proof-of-concept NLP classifiers hardened against TextFooler-style word-perturbation by producing diverse alternatives to original samples. In one approach, we co-tune BERT against the training data and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Gunnar Mein , Kevin Hartman , Andrew Morris

Transferable adversarial attacks pose significant threats to deep neural networks, particularly in black-box scenarios where internal model information is inaccessible. Studying adversarial attack methods helps advance the performance of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Zhibo Jin , Jiayu Zhang , Zhiyu Zhu , Chenyu Zhang , Jiahao Huang , Jianlong Zhou , Fang Chen

Recent work has explored integrating autoregressive language models with energy-based models (EBMs) to enhance text generation capabilities. However, learning effective EBMs for text is challenged by the discrete nature of language. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Xuwang Yin

Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) based adversarial training has become one of the most prominent methods for building robust deep neural network models. However, the computational complexity associated with this approach, due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Sidharth Gupta , Parijat Dube , Ashish Verma

Textual adversarial attacks pose a serious security threat to Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems by introducing imperceptible perturbations that mislead deep learning models. While adversarial example detection offers a lightweight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 He Zhu , Yanshu Li , Wen Liu , Haitian Yang

Though deep neural networks have achieved the state of the art performance in visual classification, recent studies have shown that they are all vulnerable to the attack of adversarial examples. In this paper, we develop improved techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Dou Goodman , Xingjian Li , Ji Liu , Dejing Dou , Tao Wei

This position paper proposes a novel approach to advancing NLP security by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as engines for generating diverse adversarial attacks. Building upon recent work demonstrating LLMs' effectiveness in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Sudarshan Srinivasan , Maria Mahbub , Amir Sadovnik

Recently, it has been shown that, in spite of the significant performance of deep neural networks in different fields, those are vulnerable to adversarial examples. In this paper, we propose a gradient-based adversarial attack against…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Sahar Sadrizadeh , Ljiljana Dolamic , Pascal Frossard

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to adversarial prompts that exploit semantic ambiguities to bypass safety mechanisms, resulting in harmful or inappropriate outputs. Such attacks, including jailbreaking and prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xiang Fang , Wanlong Fang

Recent work shows that deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Much work studies adversarial example generation, while very little work focuses on more critical adversarial defense. Existing adversarial detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Bin Zhu , Zhaoquan Gu , Le Wang , Zhihong Tian