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Deep learning based image denoising methods have been recently popular due to their improved performance. Traditionally, these methods are trained in a supervised manner, requiring a set of noisy input and clean target image pairs. More…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-20 Burhaneddin Yaman , Seyed Amir Hossein Hosseini , Mehmet Akçakaya

Recent text-to-image (T2I) models have exhibited remarkable performance in generating high-quality images from text descriptions. However, these models are vulnerable to misuse, particularly generating not-safe-for-work (NSFW) content, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lingzhi Yuan , Xinfeng Li , Chejian Xu , Guanhong Tao , Xiaojun Jia , Yihao Huang , Wei Dong , Yang Liu , Bo Li

With the rapid advancement of text-to-image (T2I) models, ensuring their safety has become increasingly critical. Existing safety approaches can be categorized into training-time and inference-time methods. While inference-time methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ruiyang Zhang , Jiahao Luo , Xiaoru Feng , Qiufan Pang , Yaodong Yang , Juntao Dai

Text-to-image (T2I) models such as Stable Diffusion have advanced rapidly and are now widely used in content creation. However, these models can be misused to generate harmful content, including nudity or violence, posing significant safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zilong Wang , Xiang Zheng , Xiaosen Wang , Bo Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

With the ability to generate high-quality images, text-to-image (T2I) models can be exploited for creating inappropriate content. To prevent misuse, existing safety measures are either based on text blacklists, which can be easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Runtao Liu , Ashkan Khakzar , Jindong Gu , Qifeng Chen , Philip Torr , Fabio Pizzati

Recent advancements in diffusion models trained on large-scale data have enabled the generation of indistinguishable human-level images, yet they often produce harmful content misaligned with human values, e.g., social bias, and offensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Xingqi Wang , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie , Jia Jia

Current LLM unlearning methods are not robust. A few steps of finetuning can revert their effects. We begin by showing that this is true even for an idealized form of unlearning: training to imitate a model that was never trained on…

For a responsible and safe deployment of diffusion models in various domains, regulating the generated outputs from these models is desirable because such models could generate undesired, violent, and obscene outputs. To tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Subhodip Panda , Varun M S , Shreyans Jain , Sarthak Kumar Maharana , Prathosh A. P

Various (text) prompt filters and (image) safety checkers have been implemented to mitigate the misuse of Text-to-Image (T2I) models in creating Not-Safe-For-Work (NSFW) content. In order to expose potential security vulnerabilities of such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Song Yan , Hui Wei , Jinlong Fei , Guoliang Yang , Zhengyu Zhao , Zheng Wang

Despite the impressive generative capabilities of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, they remain vulnerable to generating inappropriate content, especially when confronted with implicit sexual prompts. Unlike explicit harmful prompts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yitong Sun , Yao Huang , Ruochen Zhang , Huanran Chen , Shouwei Ruan , Ranjie Duan , Xingxing Wei

Text-to-image diffusion models are increasingly vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where malicious modifications to the training data cause the model to generate unintended outputs when specific triggers are present. While classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Abha Jha , Ashwath Vaithinathan Aravindan , Matthew Salaway , Atharva Sandeep Bhide , Duygu Nur Yaldiz

Large Language Models (LLMs) often memorize sensitive, private, or copyrighted data during pre-training. LLM unlearning aims to eliminate the influence of undesirable data from the pre-trained model while preserving the model's utilities on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Ruiqi Zhang , Licong Lin , Yu Bai , Song Mei

The rapid advancement of text-to-image (T2I) models, such as Stable Diffusion, has enhanced their capability to synthesize images from textual prompts. However, this progress also raises significant risks of misuse, including the generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yu Xie , Chengjie Zeng , Lingyun Zhang , Yanwei Fu

Machine unlearning has emerged as a new paradigm to deliberately forget data samples from a given model in order to adhere to stringent regulations. However, existing machine unlearning methods have been primarily focused on classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Guihong Li , Hsiang Hsu , Chun-Fu Chen , Radu Marculescu

Deep learning approaches in image processing predominantly resort to supervised learning. A majority of methods for image denoising are no exception to this rule and hence demand pairs of noisy and corresponding clean images. Only recently…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-02 Priyatham Kattakinda , A. N. Rajagopalan

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated impressive performance in generating high-fidelity images, largely enabled by text-guided inference. However, this advantage often comes with a critical drawback: limited diversity, as…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Byungjun Kim , Soobin Um , Jong Chul Ye

TIPO (Text-to-Image Prompt Optimization) introduces an efficient approach for automatic prompt refinement in text-to-image (T2I) generation. Starting from simple user prompts, TIPO leverages a lightweight pre-trained model to expand these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shih-Ying Yeh , Yi Li , Sang-Hyun Park , Giyeong Oh , Xuehai Wang , Min Song , Youngjae Yu , Shang-Hong Lai

Text-to-image diffusion models (DMs) are frequently abused to produce harmful or copyrighted content, violating public interests. Concept erasure (unlearning) is a promising paradigm to alleviate this issue. However, there exists a peculiar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Manyi Li , Yufan Liu , Lai Jiang , Bing Li , Yuming Li , Weiming Hu

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-quality images from textual prompts. However, their ability to store vast amounts of knowledge raises concerns in scenarios where selective forgetting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Gen Li , Yang Xiao , Jie Ji , Kaiyuan Deng , Bo Hui , Linke Guo , Xiaolong Ma

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have made remarkable strides in generating and editing high-fidelity images from text. Yet, these models remain fundamentally generic, failing to adapt to the nuanced aesthetic preferences of individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Connor Dunlop , Matthew Zheng , Kavana Venkatesh , Pinar Yanardag