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Wireless positioning in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) scenarios presents significant challenges due to multipath effects that lead to biased measurements and reduced positioning accuracy. This paper revisits electromagnetic field theory related…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Gaurav Duggal , R. Michael Buehrer , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Jeffrey H. Reed

In this paper, we answer a fundamental question: when the total number of antennas per square kilometer is fixed, what is the optimal network deployment? A denser network with a less number of antennas per base station (BS) or the opposite…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Xuefeng Yao , Ming Ding , David Lopez Perez , Zihuai Lin , Guoqiang Mao

Movable antenna (MA) introduces a new degree of freedom for future wireless communication systems by enabling the adaptive adjustment of antenna positions. Its large-range movement renders wireless channels transmission into the near-field…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Chongjia Sun , Ziwei Wan , Lipeng Zhu , Zhenyu Xiao , Zhen Gao , Rui Zhang

Time-based indoor positioning techniques rely on multiple access points (APs) and measurements between the user equipment (UE) and the APs. In dense indoor environments, occlusion-induced non-line-of-sight (NLoS) propagation introduces…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Neetu R. R , Shrihari Vasudevan , Ranjani H. G

Accurate channel model and channel estimation are essential to empower extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) in 6G networks with ultra-high spectral efficiency. With the sharp increase in the antenna array aperture of the XL-MIMO scenario,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yu Lu , Linglong Dai

In this paper, we develop an analytical framework for the initial access (a.k.a. Base Station (BS) discovery) in a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication system and propose an effective strategy for transmitting the Reference Signals (RSs)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Chunshan Liu , Min Li , Iain B. Collings , Stephen V. Hanly , Philip Whiting

In unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, the potential advantage of the line-of-sight (LoS) path, characterized by its high probability of existence, has not been fully harnessed,…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Chaojin Qing , Zhiying Liu , Wenquan Hu , Yinjie Zhang , Xi Cai , Pengfei Du

Future sub-THz cellular deployments may be utilized to complement the coverage of the global positioning system (GPS) and provide centimeter-level accuracy. In this work, we use measurement data at 142 GHz to test a map-based position…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Ojas Kanhere , Theodore S. Rappaport

In this letter, we propose a novel mmWave beam selection method based on the environment semantics extracted from user-side camera images. Specifically, we first define the environment semantics as the spatial distribution of the scatterers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-25 Feiyang Wen , Weihua Xu , Feifei Gao , Chengkang Pan , Guangyi Liu

This paper investigates the design of channel estimation and 3D localization algorithms in a challenging scenario, where a sub-connected planar extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) communicates with multi-antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Kangda Zhi , Tianyu Yang , Songyan Xue , Giuseppe Caire

Location information is essential to varieties of applications. It is one of the most important context to be detected by wireless distributed sensors, which is a key technology in Internet-of-Things. Fingerprint-based methods, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-09 Tao Yu , Azril Haniz , Kentaro Sano , Ryosuke Iwata , Ryouta Kosaka , Yusuke Kuki , Gia Khanh Tran , Jun-Ichi Takada , Kei Sakaguchi

Elastic light scattering has been extensively used to study samples showing a non uniform refraction index on lengthscales from a fraction of a micrometer to a fraction of a millimeter. Typically, a wide laser beam is sent through the…

Optics · Physics 2009-07-21 Doriano Brogioli

Most prior work on performance analysis of ultra-dense cellular networks (UDNs) has considered standard power-law path loss models and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation modeled by Rayleigh fading. The effect of line-of-sight (LOS) on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Jesús Arnau , Italo Atzeni , Marios Kountouris

Reliable and robust positioning of radio devices remains a challenging task due to multipath propagation, hardware impairments, and interference from other radio transmitters. A frequently overlooked but critical factor is the agent itself,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Hong Zhu , Alexander Venus , Erik Leitinger , Klaus Witrisal

Beyond 5G networks will operate at high frequencies with wide bandwidths. This brings both opportunities and challenges. Opportunities include high throughput connectivity with low latency. However, one of the main challenges in these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Vijaya Yajnanarayana

The demand for future wireless communication systems is being satisfied for various circumstances through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which act as flying base stations (BSs). In this letter, we propose an ellipse clustering algorithm…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-07 Si-Chan Noh , Hong-Bae Jeon , Chan-Byoung Chae

We demonstrated a vehicle detection and classification method based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication infrastructure based environment sensing instrument, termed as LTE-CommSense by the authors. This technology is a novel passive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Santu Sardar , Amit K. Mishra , Mohammed Zafar Ali Khan

Base station (BS) deployment remains a critical task with successive wireless communication generations and increasing data rates demands, while the electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure is often underrated, yielding potential health…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-07 Xueyun Long , Yueheng Li , Mario Pauli , Benjamin Nuss , Thomas Zwick

The widespread mobile devices facilitated the emergence of many new applications and services. Among them are location-based services (LBS) that provide services based on user's location. Several techniques have been presented to enable LBS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-30 Peyman Yazdanian , Vahid Pourahmadi

Identification of time-varying linear systems, which introduce both time-shifts (delays) and frequency-shifts (Doppler-shifts), is a central task in many engineering applications. This paper studies the problem of identification of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Waheed U. Bajwa , Kfir Gedalyahu , Yonina C. Eldar