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Quantum computing networks enable scalable collaboration and secure information exchange among multiple classical and quantum computing nodes while executing large-scale generative AI computation tasks and advanced quantum algorithms.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Minrui Xu , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Yuan Cao , Yulan Gao , Chao Ren , Han Yu

Quantum networks are envisioned to enable reliable distribution and manipulation of quantum information across distances, forming the foundation of a future quantum internet. The fair and efficient allocation of communication resources in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Sounak Kar , Arpan Mukhopadhyay

Realisation of significant advances in capabilities of sensors, computing, timing, and communication enabled by quantum technologies is dependent on engineering highly complex systems that integrate quantum devices into existing classical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hayato Ishida , Amal Elsokary , Maria Aslam , Catherine White , Michael J. de C. Henshaw , Siyuan Ji

Quantum networks are important for quantum communication, enabling tasks such as quantum teleportation, quantum key distribution, quantum sensing, and quantum error correction, often utilizing graph states, a specific class of multipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Aniruddha Sen , Kenneth Goodenough , Don Towsley

Quantum repeaters are critical to the development of quantum networks, enabling rates of entanglement distribution beyond those attainable by direct transmission. We consider multiple continuous-variable, squeezed light-based entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Ian J. Tillman , Allison Rubenok , Saikat Guha , Kaushik P. Seshadreesan

Distributed Quantum Computing (DQC) enables scalability by interconnecting multiple QPUs. Among various DQC implementations, quantum data centers (QDCs), which utilize reconfigurable optical switch networks to link QPUs across different…

In this paper, a space-air-ground quantum (SPARQ) network is developed as a means for providing a seamless on-demand entanglement distribution. The node mobility in SPARQ poses significant challenges to entanglement routing. Existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-20 Mohamed Shaban , Muhammad Ismail , Walid Saad

We propose a general scheme to controllably distribute pairwise entanglement in a quantum network of qubits by exploiting environmental ancilla qubits interacting with the network nodes through tunable Hamiltonians. Our approach leverages…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Mert Doğan , Öner Faruk Ödemiş , Elif Yunt , Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu

Distributing quantum state and entanglement between distant nodes is a crucial task in distributed quantum information processing on large-scale quantum networks. Quantum network coding provides an alternative solution for quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-05 He Lu , Zheng-Da Li , Xu-Fei Yin , Rui Zhang , Xiao-Xu Fang , Li Li , Nai-Le Liu , Feihu Xu , Yu-Ao Chen , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers unconditional information security by allowing two distant users to establish a common encryption key resilient to hacking. Resultingly, QKD networks interconnecting critical infrastructure and enabling…

Entanglement swapping between photon pairs generated at physically separated nodes over telecommunication fiber infrastructure is an essential step towards the quantum internet, enabling applications such as quantum repeaters, blind quantum…

Multiple photonic degrees of freedom can be explored to generate high-dimensional quantum states; commonly referred to as `qudits'. Qudits offer several advantages for quantum communications, including higher information capacity, noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Indrakshi Dey , Nicola Marchetti

Quantum key distribution---exchanging a random secret key relying on a quantum mechanical resource---is the core feature of secure quantum networks. Entanglement-based protocols offer additional layers of security and scale favorably with…

Entangled states shared among distant nodes are frequently used in quantum network applications. When quantum resources are abundant, entangled states can be continuously distributed across the network, allowing nodes to consume them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-01 Álvaro G. Iñesta , Stephanie Wehner

The information-theoretic unconditional security offered by quantum key distribution has spurred the development of larger quantum communication networks. However, as these networks grow so does the strong need to reduce complexity and…

Quantum networks offer a unifying set of opportunities and challenges across exciting intellectual and technical frontiers, including for quantum computation, communication, and metrology. The realization of quantum networks composed of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. J. Kimble

Enabling the Internet of things in remote areas without traditional communication infrastructure requires a multi-layer network architecture. The devices in the overlay network are required to provide coverage to the underlay devices as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Muhammad Junaid Farooq , Quanyan Zhu

Multimode entanglement is quintessential for the design and fabrication of quantum networks, which play a central role in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, an experimental setup is generally constructed with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-10 Y. Cai , J. Roslund , G. Ferrini , F. Arzani , X. Xu , C. Fabre , N. Treps

We consider multi-path routing of entanglement in quantum networks, where a pre-prepared multipartite entangled 2D cluster state serves as a resource to perform different tasks on demand. We show how to achieve parallel connections between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Julia Freund , Alexander Pirker , Wolfgang Dür

We develop theories of entanglement distribution and of entanglement dynamics for qudit systems, which incorporate previous qubit formulations. Using convex-roof extended negativity, we generalize previous qubit results for entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-07 Soojoon Lee , Jeong San Kim , Barry C. Sanders
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