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Learning to manipulate objects efficiently, particularly those involving sustained contact (e.g., pushing, sliding) and articulated parts (e.g., drawers, doors), presents significant challenges. Traditional methods, such as robot-centric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shijie Fang , Wenchang Gao , Shivam Goel , Christopher Thierauf , Matthias Scheutz , Jivko Sinapov

We hypothesize that a key bottleneck in generalizable robot manipulation is not solely data scale or policy capacity, but a structural mismatch between current visual backbones and the physical requirements of closed-loop control. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yu Deng , Yufeng Jin , Xiaogang Jia , Jiahong Xue , Gerhard Neumann , Georgia Chalvatzaki

Robotic systems are more present in our society everyday. In human-robot environments, it is crucial that end-users may correctly understand their robotic team-partners, in order to collaboratively complete a task. To increase action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Francisco Cruz , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Ithan Moreira

In embodied AI, visual perception should be active rather than passive: the system must decide where to look and at what scale to sense to acquire maximally informative data under pixel and spatial budget constraints. Existing vision models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiashu Yang , Yifan Han , Yucheng Xie , Ning Guo , Wenzhao Lian

Human vision is a highly active process driven by gaze, which directs attention to task-relevant regions through foveation, dramatically reducing visual processing. In contrast, robot learning systems typically rely on passive, uniform…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ian Chuang , Jinyu Zou , Andrew Lee , Dechen Gao , Iman Soltani

When using reinforcement learning (RL) for contact-rich robotic manipulation, vision can provide task-relevant information that accelerates learning beyond what proprioception alone can achieve. However, vision-enabled policies tend to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Victor Kowalski , Chengxi Li , Dongheui Lee

Humans are excellent at understanding language and vision to accomplish a wide range of tasks. In contrast, creating general instruction-following embodied agents remains a difficult challenge. Prior work that uses pure language-only models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hao Liu , Lisa Lee , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

Recent advances in robot learning have shown promise in enabling robots to perform a variety of manipulation tasks and generalize to novel scenarios. One of the key contributing factors to this progress is the scale of robot data used to…

Endowing robots with the human ability to learn a growing set of skills over the course of a lifetime as opposed to mastering single tasks is an open problem in robot learning. While multi-task learning approaches have been proposed to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Stefan Wermter

Developing robotic agents that can perform well in diverse environments while showing a variety of behaviors is a key challenge in AI and robotics. Traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods often create agents that specialize in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Octi Zhang , Quanquan Peng , Rosario Scalise , Bryon Boots

End-to-end robot policies achieve high performance through neural networks trained via reinforcement learning (RL). Yet, their black box nature and abstract reasoning pose challenges for human-robot interaction (HRI), because humans may…

Learning complex manipulation tasks in realistic, obstructed environments is a challenging problem due to hard exploration in the presence of obstacles and high-dimensional visual observations. Prior work tackles the exploration problem by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 I-Chun Arthur Liu , Shagun Uppal , Gaurav S. Sukhatme , Joseph J. Lim , Peter Englert , Youngwoon Lee

Humans possess an extraordinary ability to create and utilize tools, allowing them to overcome physical limitations and explore new frontiers. With the advent of foundation models, AI systems have the potential to be equally adept in tool…

Why do some continue to wonder about the success and dominance of deep learning methods in computer vision and AI? Is it not enough that these methods provide practical solutions to many problems? Well no, it is not enough, at least for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-10 John K. Tsotsos , Iuliia Kotseruba , Alexander Andreopoulos , Yulong Wu

Robot manipulation has seen tremendous progress in recent years, with imitation learning policies enabling successful performance of dexterous and hard-to-model tasks. Concurrently, scaling data and model size has led to the development of…

Recent progress on vision-language foundation models have brought significant advancement to building general-purpose robots. By using the pre-trained models to encode the scene and instructions as inputs for decision making, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yuying Ge , Annabella Macaluso , Li Erran Li , Ping Luo , Xiaolong Wang

This work highlights that video world modeling, alongside vision-language pre-training, establishes a fresh and independent foundation for robot learning. Intuitively, video world models provide the ability to imagine the near future by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lin Li , Qihang Zhang , Yiming Luo , Shuai Yang , Ruilin Wang , Fei Han , Mingrui Yu , Zelin Gao , Nan Xue , Xing Zhu , Yujun Shen , Yinghao Xu

While visual imitation learning offers one of the most effective ways of learning from visual demonstrations, generalizing from them requires either hundreds of diverse demonstrations, task specific priors, or large, hard-to-train…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Jyothish Pari , Nur Muhammad Shafiullah , Sridhar Pandian Arunachalam , Lerrel Pinto

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to make learning machines less opaque, and offers researchers and practitioners various tools to reveal the decision-making strategies of neural networks. In this work, we investigate how XAI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Dennis Grinwald , Kirill Bykov , Shinichi Nakajima , Marina M. -C. Höhne

Evaluating robotics policies across thousands of environments and thousands of tasks is infeasible with existing approaches. This motivates the need for a new methodology for scalable robotics policy evaluation. In this paper, we propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Yaxuan Li , Zhongyi Zhou , Yefei Chen , Yaokai Xue , Yichen Zhu
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