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Feature selection is an important but challenging task in causal inference for obtaining unbiased estimates of causal quantities. Properly selected features in causal inference not only significantly reduce the time required to implement a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-04 Tianyu Yang , Md. Noor-E-Alam

Modern multivariate machine learning and statistical methodologies estimate parameters of interest while leveraging prior knowledge of the association between outcome variables. The methods that do allow for estimation of relationships do…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-10 Ben Sherwood , Bradley S. Price

This paper deals with the problem of evaluating the causal effect using observational data in the presence of an unobserved exposure/ outcome variable, when cause-effect relationships between variables can be described as a directed acyclic…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-06-18 Manabu Kuroki , Zhihong Cai

This paper reviews recent advances in missing data research using graphical models to represent multivariate dependencies. We first examine the limitations of traditional frameworks from three different perspectives: \textit{transparency,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-15 Karthika Mohan , Judea Pearl

Nonlinear Mixed effects models are hidden variables models that are widely used in many fields such as pharmacometrics. In such models, the distribution characteristics of hidden variables can be specified by including several parameters…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-19 Edouard Ollier

We evaluate the performance of targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) for estimating the average treatment effect in missing data scenarios under varying levels of positivity violations. We employ model- and design-based simulations,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Christoph Wiederkehr , Christian Heumann , Michael Schomaker

Network meta-analysis (NMA) is widely used to compare multiple interventions simultaneously by synthesizing direct and indirect evidence. The general fixed or random effects contrast-based NMA model can be applied to different outcomes and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Harlan Campbell , Jeroen P. Jansen

In regression models with missing outcomes, selection bias can arise when the missingness mechanism depends on the outcome itself. This proposal focuses on an extension of the Heckman model to a setting where the outcome is binary and both…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Marco Doretti , Elena Stanghellini , Alessandro Taraborrelli

Our comment on Garc\'ia-Donato et al. (2025). "Model uncertainty and missing data: An objective Bayesian perspective" explores a further extension of the proposed methodology. Specifically, we consider the sequential setting where…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-01 Sebastian Arnold , Alexander Ly

Inferring causal effects of treatments is a central goal in many disciplines. The potential outcomes framework is a main statistical approach to causal inference, in which a causal effect is defined as a comparison of the potential outcomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-04 Peng Ding , Fan Li

In this work, we propose an approach for assessing sensitivity to unobserved confounding in studies with multiple outcomes. We demonstrate how prior knowledge unique to the multi-outcome setting can be leveraged to strengthen causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-26 Jiajing Zheng , Jiaxi Wu , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

In many applications of survival data analysis, the individuals are treated in different medical centres or belong to different clusters defined by geographical or administrative regions. The analysis of such data requires accounting for…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-03 Rubio , F. J. , Drikvandi , R

Graphical causal models are an important tool for knowledge discovery because they can represent both the causal relations between variables and the multivariate probability distributions over the data. Once learned, causal graphs can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Andrew J Sedgewick , Joseph D. Ramsey , Peter Spirtes , Clark Glymour , Panayiotis V. Benos

Mixed data refers to a type of data in which variables can be of multiple types, such as continuous, discrete, or categorical. This data is routinely collected in various fields, including healthcare and social sciences. A common goal in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-22 Mauro Florez , Anna Gottard , Carrie McAdams , Michele Guindani , Marina Vannucci

Collection of genotype data in case-control genetic association studies may often be incomplete for reasons related to genes themselves. This non-ignorable missingness structure, if not appropriately accounted for, can result in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-12 Le Wang , Zhengbang Li , Ben Fitzpatrick , Clarice Weinberg , Jinbo Chen

Selection bias is a major obstacle toward valid causal inference in epidemiology. Over the past decade, several graphical rules based on causal diagrams have been proposed as the sufficient identification conditions for addressing selection…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-18 Yichi Zhang , Haidong Lu

We consider continuous-time survival or more general event-history settings, where the aim is to infer the causal effect of a time-dependent treatment process. This is formalised as the effect on the outcome event of a (possibly…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Kjetil Røysland , Pål Ryalen , Mari Nygård , Vanessa Didelez

Measurement error in observational datasets can lead to systematic bias in inferences based on these datasets. As studies based on observational data are increasingly used to inform decisions with real-world impact, it is critical that we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-29 Roy Adams , Yuelong Ji , Xiaobin Wang , Suchi Saria

In this paper, we investigate binary response models for heterogeneous panel data with interactive fixed effects by allowing both the cross-sectional dimension and the temporal dimension to diverge. From a practical point of view, the…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-11-18 Jiti Gao , Fei Liu , Bin Peng , Yayi Yan

With medical tests becoming increasingly available, concerns about over-testing and over-treatment dramatically increase. Hence, it is important to understand the influence of testing on treatment selection in general practice. Most…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-11 Yun Li , Irina Bondarenko , Michael R. Elliott , Timothy P. Hofer , Jeremy M. G. Taylor