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This article surveys research on the application of compatible finite element methods to large scale atmosphere and ocean simulation. Compatible finite element methods extend Arakawa's C-grid finite difference scheme to the finite element…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Colin J. Cotter

We consider the problem of including additional knowledge in estimating sparse Gaussian graphical models (sGGMs) from aggregated samples, arising often in bioinformatics and neuroimaging applications. Previous joint sGGM estimators either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Beilun Wang , Arshdeep Sekhon , Yanjun Qi

Robots have been used in all sorts of automation, and yet the design of robots remains mainly a manual task. We seek to provide design tools to automate the design of robots themselves. An important challenge in robot design automation is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Jiaheng Hu , Julian Whiman , Howie Choset

Safety issues at construction sites have long plagued the industry, posing risks to worker safety and causing economic damage due to potential hazards. With the advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly in the field of computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yuming Zhang , Dongzhi Guan , Shouxin Zhang , Junhao Su , Yunzhi Han , Jiabin Liu

Scientific machine learning is an emerging field that broadly describes the combination of scientific computing and machine learning to address challenges in science and engineering. Within the context of differential equations, this has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Laurens R. Lueg , Victor Alves , Daniel Schicksnus , John R. Kitchin , Carl D. Laird , Lorenz T. Biegler

DiffEqFlux.jl is a library for fusing neural networks and differential equations. In this work we describe differential equations from the viewpoint of data science and discuss the complementary nature between machine learning models and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Chris Rackauckas , Mike Innes , Yingbo Ma , Jesse Bettencourt , Lyndon White , Vaibhav Dixit

We present Dojo, a differentiable physics engine for robotics that prioritizes stable simulation, accurate contact physics, and differentiability with respect to states, actions, and system parameters. Dojo models hard contact and friction…

Optimization of beamlines and lattices is a common problem in accelerator physics, which is usually solved with semi-analytical methods and numerical optimization routines. However, these are usually of the gradient-free or…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Francisco Huhn , Francesco M. Velotti

In recent years, topology optimization (TO) has gained widespread attention as a powerful structural design method. However, its application remains challenging due to the deep expertise and extensive development effort required.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Liang He , Huayi Wei , Tian Tian

Given the inherently costly and time-intensive nature of pixel-level annotation, the generation of synthetic datasets comprising sufficiently diverse synthetic images paired with ground-truth pixel-level annotations has garnered increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Haoyu Wang , Lei Zhang , Wenrui Liu , Dengyang Jiang , Wei Wei , Chen Ding

Modeling of physical systems includes extensive use of software packages that implement the accurate finite element method for solving differential equations considered along with the appropriate initial and boundary conditions. When the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2018-03-20 O. Kononenko , I. Kononenko

Several forms for constructing novel physics-informed neural-networks (PINN) for the solution of partial-differential-algebraic equations based on derivative operator splitting are proposed, using the nonlinear Kirchhoff rod as a prototype…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Loc Vu-Quoc , Alexander Humer

Hydrodynamical simulations are the most accurate way to model structure formation in the universe, but they often involve a large number of astrophysical parameters modeling subgrid physics, in addition to cosmological parameters. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-05 Benjamin Horowitz , Zarija Lukic

nimCSO is a high-performance tool implementing several methods for selecting components (data dimensions) in compositional datasets, which optimize the data availability and density for applications such as machine learning. Making said…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-17 Adam M. Krajewski , Arindam Debnath , Wesley F. Reinhart , Allison M. Beese , Zi-Kui Liu

Neural operators (NOs) provide a new paradigm for efficiently solving partial differential equations (PDEs), but their training depends on costly high-fidelity data from numerical solvers, limiting applications in complex systems. We…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Wen You , Shaoqian Zhou , Xuhui Meng

Automatic differentiation (AD) frameworks such as JAX and PyTorch have enabled gradient-based optimization for a wide range of scientific fields. Yet, many "hard" primitives in these libraries such as thresholding, Boolean logic, discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Anselm Paulus , A. René Geist , Vít Musil , Sebastian Hoffmann , Onur Beker , Georg Martius

Differentiable models of physical systems provide a powerful platform for gradient-based algorithms, with particular impact on parameter estimation and optimal control. Quantum systems present a particular challenge for such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 David L. Craig , Natalia Ares , Erik M. Gauger

Real-time semantic segmentation is a challenging task that requires high-accuracy models with low-inference times. Implementing these models on embedded systems is limited by hardware capability and memory usage, which produces bottlenecks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Miguel Lopez-Montiel , Daniel Alejandro Lopez , Oscar Montiel

Tracking and segmenting multiple similar objects with distinct or complex parts in long-term videos is particularly challenging due to the ambiguity in identifying target components and the confusion caused by occlusion, background clutter,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Xin Li , Deshui Miao , Zhenyu He , Yaowei Wang , Huchuan Lu , Ming-Hsuan Yang

An accurate, physically-based, and differentiable model of soft robots can unlock downstream applications in optimal control. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is an expressive approach for modeling highly deformable structures such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Mathieu Dubied , Mike Michelis , Andrew Spielberg , Robert Katzschmann