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The increasing use of language models in automated software testing raises concerns about their environmental impact, yet existing sustainability analyses focus almost exclusively on large language models. As a result, the energy and carbon…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Pragati Kumari , Novarun Deb

In recent years, larger and deeper models are springing up and continuously pushing state-of-the-art (SOTA) results across various fields like natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). However, despite promising results,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Jingjing Xu , Wangchunshu Zhou , Zhiyi Fu , Hao Zhou , Lei Li

As one of the crucial human aspects, individual decision-making behavior that may affect the quality of a software project is adaptive to the environment in which the individual is. However, no comprehensive reference framework of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-12-05 Jingdong Jia , Pengnan Zhang , Luiz Fernando Capretz

Background. Software companies need to manage and refactor Technical Debt issues. Therefore, it is necessary to understand if and when refactoring Technical Debt should be prioritized with respect to developing features or fixing bugs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Valentina Lenarduzzi , Terese Besker , Davide Taibi , Antonio Martini , Francesca Arcelli Fontana

Like other engineering disciplines, software engineering should also have principles to guide the construction of sustainable computer applications. Tangible properties include a) unlimited scalability, b) maximal reproducibility, and c)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-23 Justin Shi

Testing is a key concern when developing process-oriented solutions as it supports modeling experts who have to deal with increasingly complex models and scenarios such as cross-organizational processes. However, the complexity of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Kristof Böhmer , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma

Reducing energy consumption - and especially carbon emissions - is one of the most important challenges facing humankind. ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is a powerful tool to reduce emissions as it offers alternatives to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Cedric Westphal , Alexander Clemm

The software is changing rapidly with the invention of advanced technologies and methodologies. The ability to rapidly and successfully upgrade software in response to changing business requirements is more vital than ever. For the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Gokul Yenduri , Thippa Reddy Gadekallu

The size and complexity of deep neural networks continue to grow exponentially, significantly increasing energy consumption for training and inference by these models. We introduce an open-source package eco2AI to help data scientists and…

The sustainable development strategy in the management of information and communication technology (ICT) is an advanced research sector which provides a theoretical framework for integrating social and environmental responsibilities of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Rachid Hba , Abderrazak Bakkas , Abdellah El Manouar , Mohammed Abdou Janati Idrissi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved significant advancements in technology and research with the development over several decades, and is widely used in many areas including computing vision, natural language processing, time-series…

In recent years, many studies have applied wearable devices to capture psychophysiological data from software developers. However, the current literature lacks investigations that classify the studies and point out gaps to be explored. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Roger Vieira , Kleinner Farias

Context: Scientific software plays an important role in critical decision making, for example making weather predictions based on climate models, and computation of evidence for research publications. Recently, scientists have had to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Upulee Kanewala , James M. Bieman

Current proposals for AI regulation, in the EU and beyond, aim to spur AI that is trustworthy (e.g., AI Act) and accountable (e.g., AI Liability) What is missing, however, is a robust regulatory discourse and roadmap to make AI, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Philipp Hacker

Software engineering is knowledge-intensive work, and how to manage software engineering knowledge has received much attention. This systematic review identifies empirical studies of knowledge management initiatives in software engineering,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Finn Olav Bjørnson , Torgeir Dingsøyr

The demand in computing power has never stopped growing over the years. Today, the performance of the most powerful systems exceeds the exascale. Unfortunately, this growth also comes with ever-increasing energy costs, leading to a high…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Abdessalam Benhari , Yves Denneulin , Frédéric Desprez , Fanny Dufossé , Denis Trystram

Cloud computing has become the de facto paradigm for delivering software to system users, with organizations and enterprises of all sizes making use of cloud services in some way. On the surface, adopting the cloud appears to be a very…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Richard Westerhof , Richard Atherton , Vasilios Andrikopoulos

Global emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production were recorded in 2022, signaling a resurgence to pre-pandemic levels and providing an apodictic indication that emission peaks have not yet been achieved. Significant…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Vasileios Alevizos , Nikitas Gerolimos , Sabrina Edralin , Clark Xu , Akebu Simasiku , Georgios Priniotakis , George Papakostas , Zongliang Yue

A growing number of researchers suggest that software process must be tailored to a project's context to achieve maximal performance. Researchers have studied 'context' in an ad-hoc way, with focus on those contextual factors that appear to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Diana Kirk , Stephen G. MacDonell

In today's world, many cities are embracing cutting-edge technology and transforming into "smart cities". These emerging innovations are revolutionizing the standard of living for people, and as a result, smart city infrastructure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Mamdouh Alenezi