English
Related papers

Related papers: Cell Sorting in an Active Nematic Vertex Model

200 papers

The ability of cells to reorganize in response to external stimuli is important in areas ranging from morphogenesis to tissue engineering. Elongated cells can co-align due to steric effects, forming states with local order. We show that…

Biological cells in soft materials can be modeled as anisotropic force contraction dipoles. The corresponding elastic interaction potentials are long-ranged ($\sim 1/r^3$ with distance $r$) and depend sensitively on elastic constants,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 U. S. Schwarz , S. A. Safran

Eukaryotic cells adhere to extracellular matrix during the normal development of the organism, forming static adhesion as well as during cell motility. We study this process by considering a simplified coarse-grained model of a vesicle that…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Raj Kumar Sadhu , Samo Penič , Aleš Iglič , Nir S. Gov

Living cells move thanks to assemblies of actin filaments and myosin motors that range from very organized striated muscle tissue to disordered intracellular bundles. The mechanisms powering these disordered structures are debated, and all…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-09-26 Martin Lenz

The dispersal of cells from an initially constrained location is a crucial aspect of many physiological phenomena ranging from morphogenesis to tumour spreading. In such processes, the way cell-cell interactions impact the motion of single…

In amorphous solids as in tissues, neighbor exchanges can relax local stresses and allow the material to flow. In this paper, we use an anisotropic vertex model to study T1 rearrangements in polygonal cellular networks. We consider two…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-11-11 Charlie Duclut , Joris Paijmans , Mandar M. Inamdar , Carl D. Modes , Frank Jülicher

We study interactions between biological cells that apply anisotropic active mechanical forces on an elastic substrate. We model the cells as thin discs that along their perimeters apply radial, but angle-dependent forces on the substrate.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-03-28 Roman Golkov , Yair Shokef

The organization of live cells into tissues and their subsequent biological function involves inter-cell mechanical interactions, which are mediated by their elastic environment. To model this interaction, we consider cells as spherical…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-02-20 Roman Golkov , Yair Shokef

We introduce a phenomenological model to study the properties of bundles of polar filaments which interact via active elements. The stability of the homogeneous state, the attractors of the dynamics in the unstable regime and the tensile…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Karsten Kruse , Frank Julicher

Experiments show that the movement of eukaryotic cells is regulated by a process of phase separation of two competing enzymes on the cell membrane, that effectively amplifies shallow external gradients of chemical attractant. Notably, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-19 Teresa Ferraro , Antonio de Candia , Andrea Gamba , Antonio Coniglio

Motility initiation in crawling cells requires transformation of a symmetric state into a polarized state. In contrast, motility arrest is associated with re-symmetrization of the internal configuration of a cell. Experiments on keratocytes…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Pierre Recho , Thibaut Putelat , Lev Truskinovsky

Eukaryotic cell motility involves a complex network of interactions between biochemical components and mechanical processes. The cell employs this network to polarize and induce shape changes that give rise to membrane protrusions and…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-03 E. Moreno , S. Flemming , F. Font , M. Holschneider , C. Beta , S. Alonso

We analyze a model of mutually-propelled filaments suspended in a two-dimensional solvent. The system undergoes a mean-field isotropic-nematic transition for large enough filament concentrations and the nematic order parameter is allowed to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-05-26 L. Giomi , L. Mahadevan , B. Chakraborty , M. F. Hagan

A combination of cellular contractility and active phase separation in cell-matrix composites is thought to be an enabler of spatiotemporal patterning in multicellular tissues across scales, from somitogenesis to cartilage condensation. To…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-11-21 Sifan Yin , L Mahadevan

The collective behaviour of confluent cell sheets is strongly influenced both by polar forces, arising through cytoskeletal propulsion and by active inter-cellular forces, which are mediated by interactions across cell-cell junctions. We…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-28 Guanming Zhang , Romain Mueller , Amin Doostmohammadi , Julia M. Yeomans

We model the active polar fluid as a collection of orientable objects supplied with active stresses and momentum damping coming from the viscosity of bulk fluid medium. The growth kinetics of local orientation field is studied. The effect…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-06-13 Shambhavi Dikshit , Shradha Mishra

There are numerous scenarios in which populations of cells migrate in crowded environments. Typical examples include wound healing, cancer growth and embryo development. In these crowded environments cells are able to interact with each…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-03 Christian A. Yates , George Chappelle

We propose a statistical model of a large random network with high connectivity in order to describe the behavior of {\it E.\,coli} cells after exposure to acute stress. The building blocks of this network are feedback cycles typical of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-02-22 S. Reich , S. Maoz , Y. Kaplan , H. Rappeport , N. Q. Balaban , O. Agam

The interplay between active matter and its environment is central to understanding emergent behavior in biological and synthetic systems. Here, we show that coupling active nematic flows to small-amplitude deformations of a compliant…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-19 Varun Venkatesh , Amin Doostmohammadi

Cell migration is frequently modelled using on-lattice agent-based models (ABMs) that employ the excluded volume interaction. However, cells are also capable of exhibiting more complex cell-cell interactions, such as adhesion, repulsion,…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-26 Shahzeb Raja Noureen , Jennifer P. Owen , Richard L. Mort , Christian A. Yates