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Regression is one of the most commonly used statistical techniques. However, testing regression systems is a great challenge because of the absence of test oracle in general. In this paper, we show that Metamorphic Testing is an effective…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-24 Quang-Hung Luu , Man F. Lau , Sebastian P. H. Ng , Tsong Yueh Chen

Trajectory prediction is an essential step in the pipeline of an autonomous vehicle. Inaccurate or inconsistent predictions regarding the movement of agents in its surroundings lead to poorly planned maneuvers and potentially dangerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Caio Azevedo , Lina Achaji , Stefano Sabatini , Nicola Poerio , Grzegorz Bartyzel , Sascha Hornauer , Fabien Moutarde

Understanding traffic participants' behaviour is crucial for predicting their future trajectories, aiding in developing safe and reliable planning systems for autonomous vehicles. Integrating cognitive processes and machine learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Frederik S. B. Westerhout , Julian F. Schumann , Arkady Zgonnikov

Accurate prediction of human behavior is crucial for effective human-robot interaction (HRI) systems, especially in dynamic environments where real-time decisions are essential. This paper addresses the challenge of forecasting future human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wentao Gao , Cheng Zhou

Predicting the future behavior of human road users is an important aspect for the development of risk-aware autonomous vehicles. While many models have been developed towards this end, effectively capturing and predicting the variability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Anna Mészáros , Julian F. Schumann , Javier Alonso-Mora , Arkady Zgonnikov , Jens Kober

Autonomous vehicles currently suffer from a time-inefficient driving style caused by uncertainty about human behavior in traffic interactions. Accurate and reliable prediction models enabling more efficient trajectory planning could make…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Julian Frederik Schumann , Jens Kober , Arkady Zgonnikov

Human movement prediction is difficult as humans naturally exhibit complex behaviors that can change drastically from one environment to the next. In order to alleviate this issue, we propose a prediction framework that decouples short-term…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Philipp Kratzer , Marc Toussaint , Jim Mainprice

Trajectory prediction is an essential task for successful human robot interaction, such as in autonomous driving. In this work, we address the problem of predicting future pedestrian trajectories in a first person view setting with a moving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Marah Halawa , Olaf Hellwich , Pia Bideau

Genetic Algorithms are a popular set of optimization algorithms often used to aid software testing. However, no work has been done to apply systematic software testing techniques to genetic algorithms because of the stochasticity and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Janette Rounds , Upulee Kanewala

There is quickly growing literature on machine-learned models that predict human driving trajectories in road traffic. These models focus their learning on low-dimensional error metrics, for example average distance between model-generated…

Human motion prediction is consisting in forecasting future body poses from historically observed sequences. It is a longstanding challenge due to motion's complex dynamics and uncertainty. Existing methods focus on building up complicated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Zhihao Wang , Yulin Zhou , Ningyu Zhang , Xiaosong Yang , Jun Xiao , Zhao Wang

When we test a theory using data, it is common to focus on correctness: do the predictions of the theory match what we see in the data? But we also care about completeness: how much of the predictable variation in the data is captured by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-22 Jon Kleinberg , Annie Liang , Sendhil Mullainathan

Metamorphic Testing (MT) addresses the test oracle problem by examining the relationships between input-output pairs in consecutive executions of the System Under Test (SUT). These relations, known as Metamorphic Relations (MRs), specify…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Alejandra Duque-Torres , Dietmar Pfahl

The prediction of humans' short-term trajectories has advanced significantly with the use of powerful sequential modeling and rich environment feature extraction. However, long-term prediction is still a major challenge for the current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Hung Tran , Vuong Le , Truyen Tran

Vision-based trajectory prediction is an important task that supports safe and intelligent behaviours in autonomous systems. Many advanced approaches have been proposed over the years with improved spatial and temporal feature extraction.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Renhao Huang , Hao Xue , Maurice Pagnucco , Flora Salim , Yang Song

This paper presents a novel approach to modeling human driving behavior, designed for use in evaluating autonomous vehicle control systems in a simulation environments. Our methodology leverages a hierarchical forward-looking, risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Nathan Ludlow , Yiwei Lyu , John Dolan

Human trust in automation plays an essential role in interactions between humans and automation. While a lack of trust can lead to a human's disuse of automation, over-trust can result in a human trusting a faulty autonomous system which…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Kumar Akash , Griffon McMahon , Tahira Reid , Neera Jain

Autonomous driving has gained much attention from both industry and academia. Currently, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for perception and control in autonomous driving. However, several fatal accidents caused by autonomous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Yao Deng , Xi Zheng , Tianyi Zhang , Guannan Lou , Huai liu , Miryung Kim , Tsong Yueh Chen

While autonomous vehicles still struggle to solve challenging situations during on-road driving, humans have long mastered the essence of driving with efficient, transferable, and adaptable driving capability. By mimicking humans' cognition…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Letian Wang , Yeping Hu , Liting Sun , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Changliu Liu

We introduce the task of action-driven stochastic human motion prediction, which aims to predict multiple plausible future motions given a sequence of action labels and a short motion history. This differs from existing works, which predict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Wei Mao , Miaomiao Liu , Mathieu Salzmann