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Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to transform financial analytics by integrating numerical and textual data. However, challenges such as insufficient context when fusing multimodal information and the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-14 Hoyoung Lee , Youngsoo Choi , Yuhee Kwon

Conventional research on large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on refining output distributions, while paying less attention to the decoding process that transforms these distributions into final responses. Recent advances,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Chenheng Zhang , Tianqi Du , Jizhe Zhang , Mingqing Xiao , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang , Zhouchen Lin

Annual Reports of publicly listed companies contain vital information about their financial health which can help assess the potential impact on Stock price of the firm. These reports are comprehensive in nature, going up to, and sometimes…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-07 Udit Gupta

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Vector representations of contextual embeddings learned by pre-trained large language models (LLMs) are effective in various downstream tasks in numerical domains such as time series forecasting. Despite their significant benefits, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Rashed Shelim , Shengzhe Xu , Walid Saad , Naren Ramakrishnan

The Black-Litterman model addresses the sensitivity issues of tra- ditional mean-variance optimization by incorporating investor views, but systematically generating these views remains a key challenge. This study proposes and validates a…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-21 Youngbin Lee , Yejin Kim , Juhyeong Kim , Suin Kim , Yongjae Lee

Large language models (LLMs) process and predict sequences containing text to answer questions, and address tasks including document summarization, providing recommendations, writing software and solving quantitative problems. We provide a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew Stuart , Son Tran

The adaptation of large language models (LLMs) to time series forecasting poses unique challenges, as time series data is continuous in nature, while LLMs operate on discrete tokens. Despite the success of LLMs in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Taibiao Zhao , Xiaobing Chen , Mingxuan Sun

The goal of stock trend prediction is to forecast future market movements for informed investment decisions. Existing methods mostly focus on predicting stock trends with supervised models trained on extensive annotated data. However, human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Yiqi Deng , Xingwei He , Jiahao Hu , Siu-Ming Yiu

Financial news plays a central role in shaping investor sentiment and short-term dynamics in commodity markets. Many downstream financial applications, such as commodity price prediction or sentiment modeling, therefore rely on the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Michael Schlee , Christoph Weisser , Timo Kivimäki , Melchizedek Mashiku , Benjamin Saefken

Investment Analysis is a cornerstone of the Financial Services industry. The rapid integration of advanced machine learning techniques, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), offers opportunities to enhance the equity rating process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kassiani Papasotiriou , Srijan Sood , Shayleen Reynolds , Tucker Balch

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in various financial applications, though their potential in complex investment strategies remains underexplored. To address this gap, we investigate how LLMs can predict…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yoshia Abe , Shuhei Matsuo , Ryoma Kondo , Ryohei Hisano

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate responses to questions; however, their effectiveness is often hindered by sub-optimal quality of answers and occasional failures to provide accurate responses to questions. To address these challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Liang Zhang , Katherine Jijo , Spurthi Setty , Eden Chung , Fatima Javid , Natan Vidra , Tommy Clifford

This paper investigates whether large language models (LLMs) can generate reliable stock market predictions. We evaluate four state-of-the-art models - ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, and Perplexity - across three prompting strategies: a naive…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-21 Ricardo Crisostomo , Diana Mykhalyuk

This study evaluates the forecasting performance of recent language models (LLMs) on binary forecasting questions. We first introduce a novel dataset of over 600 binary forecasting questions, augmented with related news articles and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Gerrit Mutschlechner , Adam Jatowt

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in a wide range of applications, they have also been observed to perpetuate unwanted biases present in the training data, potentially leading to harm for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Schrasing Tong , Eliott Zemour , Jessica Lu , Rawisara Lohanimit , Lalana Kagal

This paper presents a novel hierarchical framework for portfolio optimization, integrating lightweight Large Language Models (LLMs) with Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to combine sentiment signals from financial news with traditional…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-25 Benjamin Coriat , Eric Benhamou

We find that event features extracted by large language models (LLMs) are effective for text-based stock return prediction. Using a pre-trained LLM to extract event features from news articles, we propose a novel deep learning model based…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-24 Gang Li , Dandan Qiao , Mingxuan Zheng

This thesis provides methods and analysis of models which make progress on this goal. The techniques outlined are task agnostic, and should provide benefit when used with nearly any transformer LM. We introduce two new finetuning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Davis Yoshida

In modern financial markets, investors increasingly seek personalized and adaptive portfolio strategies that reflect their individual risk preferences and respond to dynamic market conditions. Traditional rule-based or static optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Bangyu Li , Boping Gu , Ziyang Ding